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from Part 1 - History
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 October 2019
The state of Cheng, later renamed Han and known to history as Cheng-Han (302–347), was the first of the non-Chinese states of the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, and in Chinese terms the first of the “Sixteen States founded by the Five Barbarians” (wuhu shiliuguo). Its founders were Cong, descendants of the ancient Ba people of eastern Sichuan, though they had relocated in the early third century to the northwest. The Ba people were also members of the Celestial Master (Tianshi) Daoist church, China’s earliest indigenous organized religion, and their faith played a major role in the founding and development of their state.
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