An International Cultural Hybrid
from Part IV.3 - Asia & Oceania
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 August 2022
Even though Japan has a largely Westernized system of education, it is worth remembering that this country has a strong hierarchical Confucian tradition of master–student relationships. This relationship is underlined by the literal meaning of sensei, “the one born before,” as the honorific given to all teachers and professors. University lecturers enjoy significant autonomy, and there are no particular barriers to faculty integrating undergraduate research (UR) into the curriculum. It can be argued that the STEM areas in which Japan excels have historically created more opportunities for research, and that UR is already undertaken there, whether formally recognized or not. In the arts, humanities, and social sciences, students are required to write a graduation thesis or report under the guidance of their instructor.
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