Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T17:46:27.741Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

2 - The Usage-Based Approach

Perspectives on L3/Ln

from Part I - Theoretical Approaches to L3/Ln

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2023

Jennifer Cabrelli
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Chicago
Adel Chaouch-Orozco
Affiliation:
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jorge González Alonso
Affiliation:
Universidad Nebrija, Spain and UiT, Arctic University of Norway
Sergio Miguel Pereira Soares
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
Eloi Puig-Mayenco
Affiliation:
King's College London
Jason Rothman
Affiliation:
UiT, Arctic University of Norway and Universidad Nebrija, Spain
Get access

Summary

This chapter discusses usage-based approach perspectives on a number of topics related to learning and development in multilinguals. The chapter is organized around a basic construction: “The perspective of the usage-based approach on X ,” where X is a relevant issue in the acquisition of non-native languages. The chapter starts with an introduction to the approach that outlines its cognitive and social underpinnings, with an emphasis on the role of categorizations, exemplars, constructions, adaptive systems, analogy, and entrenchment. This section is followed by a review of how these concepts contribute to our understanding of language, learning, development, multilingualism, and crosslinguistic influence.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amaral, L., & Roeper, T. (2014). Multiple Grammars and Second Language Representation. Second Language Research, 30(1), 336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, E. (2014). Neuroscience and Multilingualism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bardel, C., & Falk, Y. (2007). The Role of the Second Language in Third Language Acquisition: The Case of Germanic Syntax. Second Language Research, 23, 459484.Google Scholar
Barlow, M., & Kemmer, S. (2000). Usage-Based Models of Language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Barsalou, L. W. (1999). Perceptual Symbol Systems. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(4), 577660.Google Scholar
Bley-Vroman, R. (1990). The Logical Problem of Foreign Language Learning. Linguistic Analysis, 20, 349.Google Scholar
Bybee, J. (2006). From Usage to Grammar: The Mind’s Response to Repetition. Language 82(4), 711733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bybee, J. (2010). Language, Usage, and Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bod, R. (2009). From Exemplar to Grammar: A Probabilistic Analogy-Based Model of Language Learning. Cognitive Science, 33, 752793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cenoz, J. (2003). The Role of Typology in the Organization of the Multilingual Lexicon. In Cenoz, J., Hufeisen, B., & Jessner, U. (Eds.), The Multilingual Lexicon. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
De Angelis, G. (2007). Third or Additional Language Acquisition. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
de Bot, K. (1992). A Bilingual Processing Model: Levelt’s “Speaking” Model Adapted. Applied Linguistics, 13, 124.Google Scholar
Dechert, H. W., & Raupach, M. (Eds.) (1989). Transfer in Language Production. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Dove, G. (2014). Thinking in Words: Language as an Embodied Medium of Thought. Topics in Cognitive Science, 6, 371389.Google Scholar
Ellis, N. C. (2002). Frequency Effects in Language Processing: A Review with Implications for Theories of Implicit and Explicit Language Acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24, 143188.Google Scholar
Ellis, N. C., O’Donnell, M. B., & Römer, U. (2014). Second Language Verb-Argument Constructions Are Sensitive to Form, Function, Frequency, Contingency, and Prototypicality. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 4(4), 405431.Google Scholar
Eskildsen, S. W., & Cadierno, T. (2015). Advancing Usage-Based Approaches to L2 Studies. In Cadierno, T., & Eskildsen, S. W. (Eds.), Usage-Based Perspectives on Second Language Learning (Applications of Cognitive Linguistics 30; pp. 116). Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Flege, J. E. (1995). Second Language Speech Learning: Theory, Findings, and Problems. In Strange, W. (Ed.), Speech Perception and Linguistic Experience: Issues in Crosslanguage Research (pp. 233272). Baltimore: York Press.Google Scholar
Flynn, S., Foley, C., & Vinnitskaya, I. (2004). The Cumulative Enhancement Model for Language Acquisition: Comparing Adults’ and Children’s Patterns of Development in First, Second and Third Language Acquisition. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1, 317.Google Scholar
Gentner, D., & Markman, A. B. (1997). Structure Mapping in Analogy and Similarity. American Psychologist, 52(1), 4556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givón, T. (1979). On Understanding Grammar. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Glenberg, A. & Kaschak, M. (2003). The Body’s Contribution to Language. In Ross, B. (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, vol. 43. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Goldberg, A. (2006). Constructions at Work: The Nature of Generalization in Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Goldberg, A. (2019). Explain Me This: Creativity, Competition, and the Partial Productivity of Constructions. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Goldinger, S. (1996). Words and Voices: Episodic Traces in Spoken Word Identification and Recognition Memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 22, 11661183.Google Scholar
Goldstone, R. L. (1994). The Role of Similarity in Categorization: Providing a Groundwork. Cognition, 52, 125157.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J., & Vrba, E. S. (1982). Exaptation: A Missing Term in the Science of Form. Paleobiology, 8, 415.Google Scholar
Grosjean, F. (1985). The Bilingual as a Competent but Specific Speaker-Learner. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 6, 467477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, F. (2001). The Bilingual’s Language Modes. In Nicol, J. (Ed.), One Mind, Two Languages: Bilingual Language Processing (pp. 122). Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Hammarberg, B. (2010). The Languages of the Multilingual: Some Conceptual and Terminological Issues. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 48(2–3), 91104.Google Scholar
Hammarberg, B. (2018). L3, the Tertiary Language. In Bonnet, A. & Siemund, P. (Eds.), Foreign Language Education in Multilingual Classrooms (pp. 127150). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Hauk, O., Johnsrude, I., & Pulvermüller, F. (2004). Somatotopic Representation of Action Words in Human Motor and Premotor Cortex. Neuron, 41(2), 301307.Google Scholar
Hebb, D. O. (1949). The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. Hoboken: Wiley.Google Scholar
Hofstadter, D. R. & Mitchell, M. (1995). The Copycat Project: A Model of Mental Fluidity and Analogy-Making. In Hofstadter, D., & The Fluid Analogies Research Group (Eds.), Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies. Basic Books.Google Scholar
Hopper, P. J., & Traugott, E. (2003). Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ibbotson, P. (2013). The Scope of Usage-Based Theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00255.Google Scholar
Johnson, K. (2005). Decisions and Mechanisms in Exemplar-Based Phonology. UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jurafsky, D. (2003). Probabilistic Modeling in Psycholinguistics: Linguistic Comprehension and Production. In Bod, R., Hay, J., & Jannedy, S. (Eds.), Probabilistic Linguistics (pp. 3995). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic Patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Langacker, R. (1987). Foundations of Cognitive Grammar, vol. 1, Theoretical Prerequisites. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Langacker, R. W. (2000). Grammar and Conceptualization (vol. 14). Berlin: Walter De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Lieven, E. (2016). Usage-Based Approaches to Language Development: Where Do We Go from Here? Language and Cognition, 8(3), 346368.Google Scholar
Löwel, S., & Singer, W. (1992). Selection of Intrinsic Horizontal Connections in the Visual Cortex by Correlated Neuronal Activity. Science (New York, N.Y.), 255(5041), 209212.Google Scholar
MacWhinney, B. (2008). A Unified Model. In Robinson, P. & Ellis, N. C. (Eds.), Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition (pp. 341371). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
MacWhinney, B. (2015). Language Development. In Liben, L. S., Müller, U., & Lerner, R. M. (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science: Cognitive Processes (pp. 296338). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Google Scholar
Na Ranong, S., & Leung, Y-K. I. (2009). Null Objects in L1 Thai–L2 English–L3 Chinese: An Empiricist Take on a Theoretical Problem. In Leung, Y-K. I. (Ed.), Third Language Acquisition and Universal Grammar (pp. 162191). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Nosofsky, R. M. (1988). Exemplar-Based Accounts of Relations between Classification, Recognition, and Typicality. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14(4), 700708.Google Scholar
O’Grady, W. (2005). How Children Learn Language. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Otheguy, R., García, O., & Reid, W. (2015). Clarifying Translanguaging and Deconstructing Named Languages: A Perspective from Linguistics. Applied Linguistics Review 6(3), 281307.Google Scholar
Paradis, M. (2001). An Integrated Neurolinguistic Theory of Bilingualism (1976–2000). LACUS Forum, 27, 515.Google Scholar
Paradis, M. (2004). A Neurolinguistic Theory of Bilingualism. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Piaget, J. (1971). The Theory of Stages in Cognitive Development. In Green, D. R., Ford, M. P., & Flamer, G. B. (Eds.), Measurement and Piaget. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, J. (2006). The Next Toolkit. Journal of Phonetics, 34, 516530.Google Scholar
Puig-Mayenco, E., González Alonso, J., & Rothman, J. (2020). A Systematic Review of Transfer Studies in Third Language Acquisition. Second Language Research, 36(1), 3164.Google Scholar
Rothman, J. (2013). Cognitive Economy, Non-redundancy and Typological Primacy in L3 Acquisition: Evidence from Initial Stages of L3 Romance. In Baauw, S., Dirjkoningen, F., & Pinto, M. (Eds.), Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2011 (pp. 217247). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Rothman, J. (2015). Linguistic and Cognitive Motivation for the Typological Primacy Model of Third Language (L3) Transfer: Considering the Role of Timing of Acquisition and Proficiency in the Previous Languages. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 18(2), 179190.Google Scholar
Rothman, J., González Alonso, J., & Puig-Mayenco, E. (2019). Third Language Acquisition and Linguistic Transfer (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, M. J. (2010). The New Science of the Mind: From Extended Mind to Embodied Phenomenology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Rumelhart, D. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1987). Learning the Past Tenses of English Verbs: Implicit Rules or Parallel Distributed Processing? In MacWhinney, B. (Ed.), Mechanisms of Language Acquisition (pp. 195248).Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Saffran, J. R., Aslin, R. N., & Newport, E. L. (1996). Statistical Learning by 8-Month-Old Infants. Science, 274(5294), 19261928.Google Scholar
Sancier, M. L., & Fowler, C. A. (1997). Gestural Drift in a Bilingual Speaker of Brazilian Portuguese and English. Journal of Phonetics, 25(4), 421436Google Scholar
Sanz, C., Park, H. I., & Lado, B. (2015). A Functional Approach to Cross-Linguistic Influence in Ab initio L3 Acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 18(2), 236251.Google Scholar
Sharwood Smith, M., & Kellerman, E. (1986). Crosslinguistic Influence in Second Language Acquisition. New York: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, B. D., & Sprouse, R. A. (2021). In Defense of “Copying and Restructuring.Second Language Research, 37(3), 489493.Google Scholar
Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sorace, A. (2011). Pinning Down the Concept of “Interface” in Bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 1, 134.Google Scholar
Slabakova, R. (2017). The Scalpel Model of Third Language Acquisition. International Journal of Bilingualism, 21(6), 651665.Google Scholar
Taylor, J. R. (2002). Cognitive Grammar. Oxford: Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics.Google Scholar
Tomasello, M. (2003). Constructing a Language: A Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Tomasello, M. (2006). Acquiring Linguistic Constructions. In Kuhn, D. & Siegler, R. (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
van De Schoot, R., Kaplan, D., Denissen, J., et al. (2014). A Gentle Introduction to Bayesian Analysis: Applications to Developmental Research. Child Development, 85(3), 842860.Google Scholar
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Wedel, A. (2011). Self-Organization in Phonology. In Oostendorp, M. Van, Ewen, C. J., Hume, E., & Rice, K. (Eds.), The Blackwell Companion to Phonology (pp. 130147). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Weinreich, U. (1953). Languages in Contact. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Westergaard, M. (2019). Microvariation in Multilingual Situations: The Importance of Property-by-Property Acquisition. Second Language Research, 37(3), 379407.Google Scholar
Westergaard, M. (2021). Microvariation in Multilingual Situations: The Importance of Property-by-Property Acquisition. Keynote Article in Second Language Research 37(3), 379407.Google Scholar
Westergaard, M., Mitrofanova, N., Mykhaylyk, R., & Rodina, Y. (2017). Crosslinguistic Influence in the Acquisition of a Third Language: The Linguistic Proximity Model. International Journal of Bilingualism, 21(6), 666682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, S., & Hammarberg, B. (1998). Language Switches in L3 Production: Implications for a Polyglot Speaking Model. Applied Linguistics, 19, 295333.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×