Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics
- Cambridge Handbooks In Language and Linguistics
- The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Part I Theories and Approaches to Spanish Linguistics
- Part II The Spanish Sound System
- Part III Spanish Morphosyntax and Meaning
- 12 Word Phenomena: Category Definition and Word Formation
- 13 Properties of Pronominal Subjects
- 14 Properties of the Verb Phrase: Argument Structure, Ellipsis, and Negation
- 15 Properties of the Extended Verb Phrase: Agreement, the Structure of INFL, and Subjects
- 16 Properties of Nominal Expressions
- 17 Information Structure
- 18 Syntax and its Interfaces
- 19 Lexis
- 20 Pragmatics
- Part IV Spanish in Social, Geographic, and Historical Contexts
- Part V The Acquisition of Spanish
- Index
- References
12 - Word Phenomena: Category Definition and Word Formation
from Part III - Spanish Morphosyntax and Meaning
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 August 2018
Edited by
Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics
- Cambridge Handbooks In Language and Linguistics
- The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Part I Theories and Approaches to Spanish Linguistics
- Part II The Spanish Sound System
- Part III Spanish Morphosyntax and Meaning
- 12 Word Phenomena: Category Definition and Word Formation
- 13 Properties of Pronominal Subjects
- 14 Properties of the Verb Phrase: Argument Structure, Ellipsis, and Negation
- 15 Properties of the Extended Verb Phrase: Agreement, the Structure of INFL, and Subjects
- 16 Properties of Nominal Expressions
- 17 Information Structure
- 18 Syntax and its Interfaces
- 19 Lexis
- 20 Pragmatics
- Part IV Spanish in Social, Geographic, and Historical Contexts
- Part V The Acquisition of Spanish
- Index
- References
Summary
Expression and omission of subject personal pronouns has been studied extensively in various perspectives and using terminology ranging from “pro-drop” in generative linguistics to “variable subject expression” in functional approaches. Traditional grammar considers null subjects the norm and refers to “contrast” and “emphasis” to account for pronoun expression. Genuinely contrastive uses of subject pronouns are nevertheless rare and the choice between expressing the subject only by means of bound person marking (canto ‘[I] sing’) or by both independent and bound person marking (yo canto ‘I sing’) depends on various factors. While there is extensive evidence that grammatical person and coreferentiality with previous subjects affect subject expression in all varieties of Spanish, frequency of subject expression varies across dialects, typically being highest in Caribbean and lowest in Mexican and Peninsular varieties. Priming of previously used sequences and entrenchment of frequently repeated verb-subject combinations have also been shown to account for variable subject expression in spoken discourse. The current chapter sets out by defining the scope of variation and situating Spanish in a language-typological perspective. Next, an overview is provided of the factors that have been found to affect the phenomenon. Finally, we summarize the findings and discuss directions for future research.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Cambridge Handbook of Spanish Linguistics , pp. 261 - 285Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2018
References
Alexeyenko, A. (2015). The Syntax and Semantics of Manner Modification: Adjectives and Adverbs (Doctoral dissertation). University of Osnabrück.Google Scholar
Ambadiang, T. and Camus Bergareche, B. (2000). Morfología verbal del español como L2. In Díaz Hormigo, María Tadea (ed.), IV Congreso de Lingüística General, Cádiz, del 3 al 6 de abril 2000, Vol. 2. Cádiz: Universidad de Cádiz, pp. 89–102.Google Scholar
Bauer, L. and Valera, S. (2005). Approaches to Conversion / Zero Derivation. Münster: Waxmann.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, R. (2007a). Morphological Structure and Phonological Domains in Spanish Denominal Derivation. In Martínez-Gil, F. and Colina, S. (eds.), Optimality-Theoretic studies in Spanish Phonology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 278–311.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, R. (2007b). Spanish Pseudo-Plurals: Phonological Cues in the Acquisition of a Syntax–Morphology Mismatch. In Baerman, M. et al. (eds.), Deponency and Morphological Mismatches. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 231–269.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, R. (2013). The Spanish Lexicon Stores Stems with Theme Vowels, not Roots with Inflectional Class Features. Probus, 25, 3–103.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, R. (2016). We Do Not Need Structuralist Morphemes, but We Do Need Constituent Structure. In Siddiqi, D. and Harley, Heidi (eds.), Morphological Metatheory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 387–429.Google Scholar
Bonet, E. (1991). Morphology after Syntax. Pronominal Clitics in Romance (Doctoral dissertation). MIT.Google Scholar
Booij, G. (1996). Inherent vs. Contextual Inflection and the Split Morphology Hypothesis. In Booij, G. and van Maarle, J. (eds.), Yearbook of Morphology 1995. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 1–16.Google Scholar
Bosque, I. and Demonte, V. (1999). Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar
Buenafuentes de la Mata, C. (2007). Procesos de gramaticalización y lexicalización en la formación de compuestos en español (Doctoral dissertation). Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.Google Scholar
Burdette, K. (2005). New Paradigms: A Rule-and-Feature Based Morpholexical Model of the Spanish Verbal System. In Eddington, D. (ed.), Selected Proceedings of the 7th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla, pp. 158–168.Google Scholar
Bustos Gisbert, E. (1986). La composición nominal en español. Salamanca: Universidad de Salamanca.Google Scholar
Cabré, T. and Prieto, P. (2007). Exceptional Hiatuses in Spanish. In Martínez-Gil, F. and Colina, S. (eds.), Optimality-Theoretic studies in Spanish Phonology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 205–238.Google Scholar
Caha, P. (2009). The Nanosyntax of Case (Doctoral dissertation). CASTL, University of Tromsø.Google Scholar
Colina, S. (2003). Diminutives in Spanish: A Morphophonological Account. The Southwest Journal of Linguistics, 22, 87–107.Google Scholar
Company Company, C. (1998). The Interplay between Form and Meaning in Language Change: Grammaticalization of Cannibalistic Datives in Spanish. Studies in Language, 22, 529–566.Google Scholar
DiSciullo, A.-M. and Williams, E. (1987). On the Definition of Word. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Downing, P. (1977). On the Creation and Use of English Compound Nouns. Language, 53, 810–842.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eddington, D. (2005). Spanish Verb Inflection: A Single- or Dual-Route System? Linguistics, 47, 173–199.Google Scholar
Eguren, L. (2002). Evaluative Suffixation in Spanish and the Syntax of Derivational Processes. In Herschensohn, J. et al. (eds.), Features and Interfaces in Romance. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 71–85.Google Scholar
Embick, D. (2010). Localism vs. Globalism in Morphology and Phonology. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fábregas, A. (2005). La definición de la categoría gramatical en una morfología orientada sintácticamente (Doctoral dissertation). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.Google Scholar
Fábregas, A. (2013). Diminutives as Heads or Specifiers: The Mapping between Syntax and Phonology. Iberia, 5, 1–44.Google Scholar
Fábregas, A. (2014). On a Grammatically Relevant Notion of Word and Why it Belongs to Syntax. In Ibarretxe, I. and Mendívil, J. L. (eds.), To Be or Not To Be a Word. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishers, pp. 93–131.Google Scholar
Felíu, E. and Roca, I. (2003). Morphology in Truncation: The Role of the Spanish Desinence. In Booij, G. and van Maarle, J. (eds.), Yearbook of Morphology 2002. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 197–218.Google Scholar
Halle, M. and Marantz, A. (1993). Distributed Morphology and the Pieces of Inflection. In Hale, K. and Keyser, S. J. (eds.), The View from Building 20: Essays in Linguistics in Honor of Sylvain Bromberger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 111–176.Google Scholar
Harris, J. W. (1991). The Exponence of Gender in Spanish. Linguistic Inquiry, 22, 27–62.Google Scholar
Harris, J. W. and Halle, M. (2005). Unexpected Plural Inflections in Spanish: Reduplication and Metathesis. Linguistic Inquiry, 36, 195–222.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, M. (2011). The Indeterminacy of Word Segmentation and the Nature of Morphology and Syntax. Folia Linguistica, 45, 31–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaeggli, O. (1986). Three Issues in the Theory of Clitics: Case, Doubled NPs and Extraction. In Borer, H. (ed.), The Syntax of Pronominal Clitics. New York: Academic, pp. 15–42.Google Scholar
Julien, M. (2007). On the Relation between Morphology and Syntax. In Ramchand, G. and Reiss, C. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Interfaces. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 209–238.Google Scholar
Kayne, R. (1975). French Syntax: The Transformational Cycle. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Martín García, J. (2001). Construcciones morfológicas y construcciones sintácticas: Los prefijos “anti-” y “pro-”. In Veiga, A. et al. (eds.), Lengua española y estructuras gramaticales. Santiago de Compostela: Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, pp. 225–237.Google Scholar
Mateu, J. and Acedo-Matellán, V. (2015). Parameters and Argument Structure I: Motion Predicates and Resultatives. In Fábregas, A. et al. (eds.), Contemporary Linguistic Parameters. London: Bloomsbury, pp. 99–123.Google Scholar
Matthews, P. H. (1972). Inflectional Morphology, a Theoretical Study Based on Aspects of Latin Verb Conjugation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Moina, M. I. (2011). Compound Words in Spanish: Theory and History. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myler, N. (2015). Stem Storage? Not Proved: A Reply to Bermúdez-Otero 2013. Linguistic Inquiry, 46, 173–186.Google Scholar
Oltra-Massuet, I. (1999). On the Constituent Structure of Catalan Verbs. In Arregi, K. et al. (eds.), Papers in Morphology and Syntax, Cycle One. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 279–322.Google Scholar
Oltra-Massuet, I. and Arregi, K. (2005). Stress by Structure in Spanish. Linguistic Inquiry, 36, 43–84.Google Scholar
Ordóñez, F. (2012). Clitics in Spanish. In Hualde, J. I. et al. (eds.), Handbook of Hispanic Linguistics. Cambridge: Blackwell, pp. 423–453.Google Scholar
Ormazábal, J. and Romero, J. (2013). Object Clitics, Agreement and Dialectal Variation. Probus, 25, 301–344.Google Scholar
Pena, J. (1999). Partes de la morfología: Las unidades del análisis morfológico. In Bosque, I. and Demonte, V. (eds.), Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Madrid: Espasa, pp. 4305–4366.Google Scholar
Piera, C. (1995). On Compounding in English and Spanish. In Campos, H. and Kempchinsky, P. (eds.), Evolution and Revolution in Linguistic Theory. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 302–315.Google Scholar
Piera, C. and Varela, S. (1999). Relaciones entre morfología y sintaxis. In Bosque, I. and Demonte, V. (eds.), Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Madrid: Espasa, pp. 4367–4422.Google Scholar
Rainer, F. and Varela, S. (1992). Compounding in Spanish. Rivista di linguistica, 4, 117–142.Google Scholar
Ramchand, G. (2008). First Phase Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz Gurillo, L. (2002). Compuestos, colocaciones, locuciones: Intento de delimitación. In Veiga, A. et al. (eds.), Léxico y gramática. Lugo: Tris Tram, pp. 327–339.Google Scholar
Sanz, J. (2015). The Phonology and Morphology of Spanish Hypocoristics (Master’s Thesis). University of Tromsø.Google Scholar
Scalise, S. and Bisetto, A. (2009). The Classification of Compounds. In Lieber, R. and Stekauer, P. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Compounding. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 34–54.Google Scholar
Serrano Dolader, D. (2010). El género en los sustantivos: ¿flexión y / o derivación? In Val Álvaro, J. F. and Horno, M. C. (eds.), La gramática del sentido. Zaragoza: Universidad de Zaragoza, pp. 249–269.Google Scholar
Snyder, W. (1995). Language Acquisition and Language Variation (Doctoral dissertation). MIT.Google Scholar
Snyder, W. (2012). Parameter Theory and Motion Predicates. In McNally, L. et al. (eds.), Telicity, Change and State. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 279–300.Google Scholar
Son, M. and Svenonius, P. (2008). Microparameters of Cross-Linguistic Variation. In Abner, N. and Bishop, J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 27th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla, pp. 388–396.Google Scholar
Sportiche, D. (1996). Clitic Constructions. In Zaring, L. and Rooryck, J. (eds.), Phrase Structure and the Lexicon. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 213–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stump, G. (1998). Inflection. In Zwicky, A. and Spencer, A. (eds.), The Handbook of Morphology. London: Blackwell, pp. 13–43.Google Scholar
Svenonius, P. (2016). Spans and Words. In Siddiqi, Daniel and Harley, Heidi (eds.), Morphological Metatheory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 201–222.Google Scholar
Torner, S. (2003). De los adjetivos calificativos a los adverbios en -mente: Semántica y gramática. Madrid: Visor.Google Scholar
Uriagereka, J. (1995). Aspects of the Syntax of Clitic Placement in Western Romance. Linguistic Inquiry, 26, 79–124.Google Scholar
Zagona, K. (1990). Mente Adverbs, Compound Interpretation and the Projection Principle. Probus, 2, 1–30.Google Scholar
- 2
- Cited by