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1 - Neuroimaging in Personality Disorders

from Part I - Etiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2020

By
Chi C. Chan ,
Daniel H. Vaccaro ,
Nina L. J. Rose ,
Laura E. Kessler  and
Erin A. Hazlett
Edited by
Carl W. Lejuez  and
Kim L. Gratz
Carl W. Lejuez
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
Kim L. Gratz
Affiliation:
University of Toledo, Ohio
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Summary

This chapter focuses on advancements in the understanding of personality pathology gained from structural and functional neuroimaging studies. It draws from the literature on the most widely researched personality disorders including schizotypal, borderline, and antisocial personality disorder. Prominent findings in schizotypal personality disorder include abnormalities in temporal and frontal lobe volumes, decreased structural connectivity of temporal lobe regions, and inefficient recruitment of brain areas during task performance. In borderline personality disorder, neuroimaging findings are characterized by aberrant volume and activity of limbic and prefrontal brain areas that suggest diminished top-down control of affective responsivity. Studies in antisocial personality disorder reveal reduced volume in prefrontal and temporal lobe structures, white matter structure compromise, and altered brain network functional connectivity. Significant challenges in studying this complex population and limitations of current methodology are discussed. Suggestions for future directions of research in this field are provided.

Keywords

structural neuroimagingfunctional neuroimagingmagnetic resonance imagingdiffusion tensor imagingpersonality disorder
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Disorders , pp. 3 - 19
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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