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3 - Environmental and Sociocultural Influences on Personality Disorders

from Part I - Etiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2020

By
Brianna J. Turner ,
Julie Prud’homme  and
Nicole Legg
Edited by
Carl W. Lejuez  and
Kim L. Gratz
Carl W. Lejuez
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
Kim L. Gratz
Affiliation:
University of Toledo, Ohio
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Summary

In addition to identifying important biological and psychosocial correlates of personality disorders, recent research has illuminated environmental and sociocultural factors that influence the development, expression, and maintenance of personality disorders. In particular, cross-national and cross-cultural comparisons indicate that the expression, meaning, and impact of specific personality traits and behaviors differ across gender roles, historical periods, and cultural and socioeconomic groups. Moreover, whereas interpersonal and attachment theories have historically underscored the importance of parent-child relationships, emotional attunement, and early childhood adversity in the formation and continuation of personality pathology, recent behavioral genetic studies suggest that unique, non-shared environmental influences account for as much or more variance in personality disorders as shared influences among family members. Additional sources of sociocultural and environmental influence on personality disorders include peer and romantic relationships. Increasingly, integrative theories highlight the importance of considering interactions and transactions across biological, psychological, and sociocultural systems in understanding the etiology of personality disorders. These theoretical and empirical advances have important implications for personality disorder research and clinical practice, and point to the potential utility of considering cross-cultural diagnostic validity when evaluating dimensional or categorical diagnostic models.

Keywords

personality disordersculturecross-culturalbehavioral geneticsgene-by-environment interactionsattachmentinterpersonalearly childhood adversityparentingpeer relationshipsgender rolesdimensional models.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Disorders , pp. 50 - 64
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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