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21 - Parenting Children with a History of Adversity

from Part IV - Child Factors that Impact Parenting

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2022

By
Jennifer Hays-Grudo ,
Erin L. Ratliff  and
Amanda Sheffield Morris
Edited by
Amanda Sheffield Morris  and
Julia Mendez Smith
Amanda Sheffield Morris
Affiliation:
Oklahoma State University
Julia Mendez Smith
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina, Greensboro
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Summary

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including family dysfunction as well as abuse and neglect, have enduring effects on development. Research across diverse populations documents that ACEs are prevalent and cumulative, influencing children’s developing mental, emotional, and physical systems that affect long-term physical and mental health, social relationships, and parenting attitudes and behaviors. Protective and compensatory experiences (PACEs), including nurturing relationships and stable, supportive environments, can mitigate the effects of ACEs, disrupting the intergenerational transmission of adversity. In this chapter, we summarize the effects of ACEs on neurobiological, cognitive, social, and emotional development. Next, we discuss the effects of cumulative protective experiences and the introduce the concept of Balanced Parenting to promote resilience in the face of adversity. We include examples of how parents and other caregivers can effectively parent children with a history of ACEs at different developmental stages, and conclude with a discussion of new directions for research and practice.

Keywords

adverse childhood experiencesadversitydevelopmentneurobiologyintergenerational transmissionprotective and compensatory experiencesBalanced Parenting
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Parenting , pp. 465 - 486
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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