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Chapter 16 - Vertebral Compression Fractures

from Part IV - Spine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2023

By
Karina Charipova ,
Alan D. Kaye  and
Kyle Gress
Edited by
Omar Viswanath  and
Ivan Urits
Omar Viswanath
Affiliation:
Creighton University, Omaha
Ivan Urits
Affiliation:
Southcoast Brain & Spine Center, Wareham
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Summary

Vertebral compression fractures are characterized by a break in the vertebrae comprising the spinal column, most likely on the anterior side and most commonly occurring when the osseous matrix has been weakened. The high morbidity and mortality associated with VCFs have given rise to an estimated annual medical cost of $13.8 billion in the United States alone. Prevention includes screening at-risk individuals’ bone marrow density and augmenting individuals with decreased bone density with bisphosphonates or RANK ligand inhibitors. The management of VCFs has been heavily debated with arguments for both conservative management and invasive augmentation through vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Invasive management should be considered in patients with uncontrolled pain, significant vertebral misalignment, and height deformities.

Keywords

osteopeniaosteoporosisvertebral compression fracturekyphoplastyvertebroplasty
Type
Chapter
Information
Cambridge Handbook of Pain Medicine , pp. 107 - 118
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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