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16 - Predicting Individual Differences in Cognitive Ability from Brain Imaging and Genetics

from Part IV - Predictive Modeling Approaches

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2021

By
Kevin M. Anderson  and
Avram J. Holmes
Edited by
Aron K. Barbey ,
Sherif Karama  and
Richard J. Haier
Aron K. Barbey
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Sherif Karama
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal
Richard J. Haier
Affiliation:
University of California, Irvine
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Summary

The study of intelligence, or general cognitive ability, is one of the earliest avenues of modern psychological enquiry (Spearman, 1904). A consistent goal of this field is the development of cognitive measures that predict real-world outcomes, ranging from academic performance, health (Calvin et al., 2017), and psychopathology (Woodberry, Giuliano, & Seidman, 2008), to mortality and morbidity rates (Batty, Deary, & Gottfredson, 2007). Despite evidence linking intelligence with a host of important life outcomes, we remain far from a mechanistic understanding of how neurobiological processes contribute to individual differences in general cognitive ability. Excitingly for researchers, advances in predictive statistical modeling, the emergence of well-powered imaging and genetic datasets, and a cultural shift toward open access data may allow for behavioral prediction at the level of a single individual (Miller et al., 2016; Poldrack & Gorgolewski, 2014).

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience , pp. 327 - 348
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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