This chapter investigates the interaction between China, under the guidance of the principle of ‘ecological civilization’, and international environmental law through case studies on two selected issue areas that are at the forefront of future international environmental lawmaking: biodiversity conservation and global ocean governance. The chapter first examines China’s legal efforts on biodiversity conservation. Given that China hosted for the first time the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 15th Conference of the Parties in 2021 and 2022, the chapter pays particular attention to China’s role in the negotiation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework – ‘a new global biodiversity framework to guide actions worldwide through 2030, in order to preserve and protect nature and its essential services to people’. The chapter then focusses on China’s participation in two of the latest negotiations of global ocean governance – biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) and the Mining Code in the deep seabed. It concludes with some suggestions regarding how China could possibly act towards a desirable future for a thriving planet for nature and human beings.