the pervasive Western tendency to maintain an artificial distinction between art and life, between fine art, applied arts and social forms and practices – in brief between ‘art’ and ‘non-art’ – and the accompanying Western need to talk about, define, categorise and evaluate art forms in terms of such dichotomies. Largely the creation of a book-culture, not a performance culture, this kind of thinking led to the idea that any performance could only be ‘legitimised’ when it could be recorded and ‘placed’ somehow in terms of a Western concept of theatre, or at least a recognisable concept of performance. . . So the obvious strategy in the past has been to leave anything that does not fall into the clear-cut categories out of the reckoning. Hence festivals, street theatre, ritual dances, communal performances of all kinds were ignored and never recorded with tools or in ways that would make them meaningful to the theatre historian.