The chapter assesses the effectiveness of the ICJ. The authors set out an evaluative framework for assessing the Court’s effectiveness, adopting a goals-based analysis. They identify the ICJ’s goals, and then consider the structural features of the Court that assist and hinder it from achieving those goals. By reference to specific examples, the authors then consider whether the ICJ has achieved its goals in practice, concluding that its record of achievement produces mixed results, but highlighting the Court’s success in preserving confidence in international adjudication.