This chapter goes beyond the two facts for which the Chilean poet, Gabriela Mistral, is most well known (she was the first Latin American to win the Nobel Prize for literature (1945) and she wrote maternal verses but had no natural children of her own) and analyses the various stages of her poetic career from her early verses that established her as the perfect modernista poetess of the turn of the twentieth century to her later works such as “Poema de Chile” in which she explored the fantastic landscape of her native Chile, accompanied by her imaginary son. This essay provides a new reading based on Mistral’s manuscripts which have only become publicly available since 2007.