The Thirty Years' Peace

doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521233477.007

6 - The Thirty Years' Peace

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008

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Summary

THE PEACE OF CALLIAS

Thucydides' account of the Fifty Years contains no statement of any kind about a cessation of hostilities between Athens and Persia. That is, by any standards, a serious omission of a matter directly relevant to the development of the empire (cf. Thuc. III. 10.4): it is the nature and completeness of his excursus which should be questioned rather than the fact that the Persian War came to an end. It is clear that Athens abstained from further offensive action against Persia after Cimon's last expedition. Nothing in Book 1 of Thucydides suggests that Athens was known to be in a state of war with Persia in the 430s, and in the early years of the Peloponnesian War Athens appears to be feeling for Persian help without any suggestion that peace itself was an issue.

The only sources which fill the gap with any clarity are derived from Ephorus. Of these, Aristodemus 13 may be safely neglected. In Diodorus (XII.4) the King is moved by the defeats in Cyprus to desire peace. A mission to Athens from the Persian commanders is followed by an Athenian embassy headed by Callias son of Hipponicus and by a settlement. The terms reported are that all the Greek cities of Asia should be autonomous, that the Persian satraps should not come within three days' journey of the sea, that no long ships should come beyond Phaselis and the Blue Rocks, and that the Athenians should not attack the King's territory (chora).

Keywords

naval empire Athenian embassy Cyprus expedition Persian commanders Peace of Callias Thucydides Spartan expedition

Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 121 - 146

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521233477.007 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 1992

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