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CHAPTER XXIII - EGYPT: FROM THE INCEPTION OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY TO THE DEATH OF RAMESSES III

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
R. O. Faulkner
Edited by
I. E. S. Edwards ,
C. J. Gadd ,
N. G. L. Hammond  and
E. Sollberger
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Summary

THE RISE OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY

The death of Tutankhamun brought about a break in the royal succession; his successors Ay and Horemheb were not of royal blood and neither left an heir of his body. In these circumstances Horemheb appointed his vizier Pramesse to succeed him, so that on the king's death in c. 1320 B.C. Pramesse ascended the throne as Ramesses I, thus inaugurating the Nineteenth Dynasty. He was probably well advanced in years when he became king, for no date of his is known higher than Year 2, on a stela from Buhen (Wadi Haifa) which records the dedication and endowment of a temple to Min-Amun. Among the personnel were slaves ‘from the captures made by His Majesty’; these ‘captures’ may well refer to the Asiatic campaign of Year 1 of Sethos I, the son and co-regent of Ramesses who was probably too old for campaigning. The terms of the Abydos stela of Sethos I make it virtually certain that there was in fact a coregency which may have begun in Ramesses’ second year, for duplicating his Buhen stela is another inscription dated in Year 1 of Sethos. Ramesses did not reign long enough to carry out any major building work in Egypt, but a few reliefs from Karnak bear his name. Two stelae of this king at Serābīt el-Khädim testify to activity at the turquoise mines of Sinai, and some faience cartouches of Ramesses were found under the temple of Beth-shan (Beisän), the city which Sethos I had to relieve from hostile attack at the outset of his first campaign.

Keywords

internal affairsEgyptian historyforeign warsNineteenth DynastyRamesses IIISethos I
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 217 - 251
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1975

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