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36c - Cyprus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
V. Karageorghis
Edited by
John Boardman  and
N. G. L. Hammond
V. Karageorghis
Affiliation:
Antiquities, Cyprus
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Summary

Assyrian domination and a century of independence

The middle of the eighth century B.C. marks the initial stage of the Cypro-Archaic I period. This was previously put at the very end of the century, about 700 B.C.., but recent research, based especially on the Greek ceramic material found in Cyprus, has rightly raised the date. Part of this period has been discussed already in CAH III.1, ch. 12, down to the year 709, when Sargon II conquered Cyprus, this event appearing as an appropriate landmark for the end of that chapter.

In this chapter we shall cover a period of about two centuries and the basic evidence will again be archaeological; but for the latest part of the period, from the Egyptian domination onwards (about 560 B.C.), we have information from Herodotus, mainly with regard to the period of Persian rule in Cyprus. We also possess some Assyrian records which throw light on the names of the various kingdoms of Cyprus. In Volume III.1, 533, reference was made to the inscription on the stele of Sargon II, where the names of the seven kings of Yadnana (Cyprus) who accepted his sovereignty are mentioned. The conquest of Cyprus by Sargon (724–705 B.C.) is mentioned also in his ‘Display inscription’ at Khorsabad, which reads as follows: ‘I cut down all my foes from Yadnana which is in the sea of the setting sun.’

Assyrian rule continued firm, and some thirty years after the occupation of Cyprus by Sargon Assyrian domination is mentioned again in the prism-inscription of Esarhaddon, which was written in 673/2 B.C. to commemorate the rebuilding of the Royal Palace of Nineveh.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Ancient History
, pp. 57 - 70
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1982

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References

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