Book contents
- Birthright Citizens
- Studies in Legal History
- Birthright Citizens
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Illustrations
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 Being a Native, and Free Born
- 2 Threats of Removal
- 3 Aboard the Constitution
- 4 The City Courthouse
- 5 Between the Constitution and the Discipline of the Church
- 6 By Virtue of Unjust Laws
- 7 To Sue and Be Sued
- 8 Confronting Dred Scott
- Conclusion
- Epilogue
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
Bibliography
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 June 2018
Book contents
- Birthright Citizens
- Studies in Legal History
- Birthright Citizens
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Illustrations
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 Being a Native, and Free Born
- 2 Threats of Removal
- 3 Aboard the Constitution
- 4 The City Courthouse
- 5 Between the Constitution and the Discipline of the Church
- 6 By Virtue of Unjust Laws
- 7 To Sue and Be Sued
- 8 Confronting Dred Scott
- Conclusion
- Epilogue
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
- References
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Birthright CitizensA History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America, pp. 221 - 237Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2018
References
Primary Sources
Adams, George F., et al. History of Baptist Churches in Maryland Connected with the Maryland Baptist Union Association. Baltimore: J. F. Weishampel Jr., 1885.Google Scholar
Baltimore: Past and Present, with Biographical Sketches of Its Representative Men. Baltimore: Richardson & Bennett, 1871.Google Scholar
Bates, Edward. Opinion of Attorney General Bates on Citizenship. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1863.Google Scholar
The Bench and Bar of Maryland: A History, 1634–1901. Vol. 2. New York: Lewis Publishing, 1901.Google Scholar
Bergman, Peter M. and McCarroll, Jean, The Negro in the Congressional Record, 1789–1801. New York: Bergman Publishers, 1969.Google Scholar
Binney, Horace. The Alienigenae of the United States under the Present Naturalization Laws. Philadelphia: C. Sherman, 1853.Google Scholar
Bond, Carroll T. The Court of Appeals of Maryland: A History. Baltimore: J. Murphy, 1928.Google Scholar
Brent, Robert J. Report of Attorney General Brent, to His Excellency, Gov. Lowe, in Relation to the Christiana Treason Trials, in the Circuit Court of the United States. Annapolis, MD: Thomas E. Martin, 1852.Google Scholar
Brown, George William. Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April, 1861: A Study of the War. Edited by Ruffner, Kevin C.. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. First published in 1887.Google Scholar
Brown, William Wells. The Black Man: His Antecedents, His Genius, and His Achievements. New York: Thomas Hamilton; Boston: R. F. W. Wallcut, 1863.Google Scholar
Carter, Nathaniel H., Stone, William L., and Gould, Marcus T. C.. Reports of the Proceedings and Debates of the Convention of 1821, Assembled for the Purpose of Amending the Constitution of the State of New York: Containing All the Official Documents, Relating to the Subject, and Other Valuable Matter. Albany, NY: E. and E. Hosford, 1821.Google Scholar
Catalogue of the Library of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Vol. 2, M–Z. Boston: John Wilson and Son, 1855.Google Scholar
Catalogue of the New-York State Library: 1855. Albany, NY: Charles Van Benthuysen, 1856.Google Scholar
Cobb, Thomas R. R. An Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery. Philadelphia: T. & J. W. Johnson; Savannah: W. Thorne Williams, 1858.Google Scholar
Constitution and Laws of Maryland in Liberia with an Appendix of Precedents: Published by Authority of the Maryland State Colonization Society. 2nd ed. Baltimore: John D. Toy, 1847.Google Scholar
Cowley, Robert. “Extracts from a Memorial from the Free People of Color to the Citizens of Baltimore.” In Henry Clay, The Speeches of Henry Clay, Delivered in the Congress of the United States. Philadelphia: Carey & Lea, 1827.Google Scholar
Davis, Noah. A Narrative of the Life of Rev. Noah Davis, a Colored Man. Baltimore: John F. Weishampel Jr., 1859.Google Scholar
Debates and Proceedings of the Maryland Reform Convention to Revise the State Constitution: To Which Are Prefixed the Bill of Rights and Constitution Adopted. 2 vols. Annapolis, MD: William N’Neir, 1851.Google Scholar
Delany, Martin Robinson. The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States. Philadelphia: published by the author, 1852.Google Scholar
Dickens, Charles. American Notes for General Circulation. London: Chapman and Hall, 1842.Google Scholar
Digest of Patents, Issued by the United States, from 1790 to January 1, 1839. Washington, DC: Peter Force, 1840.Google Scholar
The Doctrines and Discipline of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Philadelphia: Richard Allen and Jacob Tapisco for the African Methodist Connection, 1817.Google Scholar
Dorsey, Clement. The General Public Statutory Law and Public Local Law of the State of Maryland, from the Year 1692 to 1839 Inclusive: With Annotations Thereto, and a Copious Index. Baltimore: John D. Toy, 1840.Google Scholar
Foner, Philip S., and Walker, George E., eds. Proceedings of the Black State Conventions, 1840–1865. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Proceedings of the Black State Conventions, 1840–1865. Vol. 2. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Garrison, William Lloyd. The Letters of William Lloyd Garrison. Vol. 1, I Will Be Heard! 1822–1835, edited by Merrill, Walter M.. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971.Google Scholar
Goodell, William. Views of American Constitutional Law, in Its Bearing upon American Slavery. Utica, NY: Jackson & Chaplin, 1844.Google Scholar
Gray, Horace. A Legal Review of the Case of Dred Scott, as Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States. Boston: Crosby, Nichols, and Company, 1857.Google Scholar
Handy, James A. Scraps of African Methodist Episcopal History. Philadelphia: A.M.E. Book Concern, [1902].Google Scholar
Hurd, John Codman. The Law of Freedom and Bondage in the United States. Boston: Little, Brown; New York: Van Nostrand, 1858.Google Scholar
Index to the Law of Maryland: From the Year 1838 to the Year 1845, Inclusive. Annapolis, MD: Riley & Davis, 1846.Google Scholar
Jay, William. Miscellaneous Writings on Slavery. Boston: J. P. Jewett & Co.; Cleveland: Jewett, Proctor, and Worthington, 1853.Google Scholar
Journal of the Proceedings of the Senate of the State of Maryland. Annapolis, MD: Wm. McNeir, 1831.Google Scholar
Kent, James. Commentaries on American Law, in Four Volumes. New York: O. Halsted, 1826–30.Google Scholar
Latrobe, John H. B. The Justices’ Practice under the Laws of Maryland. Baltimore: F. Lucas, 1826.Google Scholar
Latrobe, John H. B., and Lucas, Fielding. Picture of Baltimore, Containing a Description of All Objects of Interest in the City and Embellished with Views of the Principal Public Buildings. Baltimore: F. Lucas Jr., 1832.Google Scholar
Lee, Edmund Jennings. Lee of Virginia, 1642–1892: Biographical and Genealogical Sketches. Philadelphia: Edmund Jennings Lee, 1895.Google Scholar
Legrand, John Carroll. Letter to Hon. Reverdy Johnson, on the Proceedings at the Meeting, Held at Maryland Institute, January 10th, 1861. N.p., 1861.Google Scholar
Lewis, R[obert] B. Light and Truth: Collected from the Bible and Ancient and Modern History, Containing the Universal History of the Colored and the Indian Race, from the Creation of the World to the Present Time. Boston: Committee of Colored Gentlemen, 1836.Google Scholar
The Maryland Code: Public General Laws and Public Local Laws, 1860. Baltimore: John Murphy & Co., 1860.Google Scholar
Mason, Richard. Journal of the Proceedings of the House of Delegates of the State of Maryland at a December Session Eighteen Hundred and Thirty Eight. Annapolis, MD: by authority [J. Green, 1839].Google Scholar
Matchett’s Baltimore Director, or Register of Householders. Baltimore: Baltimore Director Office, 1842.Google Scholar
Mencken, H. L. A Monograph of the New Baltimore Court House: One of the Greatest Examples of American Architecture, and the Foremost Court House of the United States; Including an Historical Sketch of the Early Courts of Maryland. Baltimore: A. Hoen, 1899.Google Scholar
Mercier, Henry James, and Gallop, William. Life in a Man-of-War, or Scenes in “Old Ironsides” during Her Cruise in the Pacific, by a Fore-Top-Man. Philadelphia: Lydia M. Bailey, 1841.Google Scholar
Minutes and Proceedings of the First Annual Convention of the People of Colour, Held by Adjournments in the City of Philadelphia, from the Sixth to the Eleventh of June, Inclusive, 1831. Philadelphia: Committee of Arrangements, 1831.Google Scholar
Minutes and Proceedings of the Second Annual Convention, for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in These United States. Philadelphia: The Convention, 1832.Google Scholar
Minutes and Proceedings of the Third Annual Convention, for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in these United States. New York: The Convention, 1833.Google Scholar
Minutes of the Fifth Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Colour in the United States, Held by Adjournments, in the Wesley Church, Philadelphia. Philadelphia: William F. Gibbons, 1835.Google Scholar
Minutes of the Proceedings of the Fourteenth American Convention for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery, and Improving the Condition of the African Race, assembled at Philadelphia. Philadelphia: W. Brown, 1816.Google Scholar
Nell, William Cooper. The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution, with Sketches of Several Distinguished Colored Persons: To Which Is Added a Brief Survey of the Condition and Prospects of Colored Americans. Boston: Robert F. Wallcut, 1855.Google Scholar
Services of Colored Men, in the Wars of 1776 and 1812. Boston: Prentiss & Sawyer, 1851.Google Scholar
Nott, Samuel. Slavery, and the Remedy, or, Principles and Suggestions for a Remedial Code. 3rd ed. Boston: Crocker and Brewster, 1856.Google Scholar
Official Opinions of the Attorneys General of the United States, Advising the President and Heads of Departments in Relation to Their Official Duties. Edited by Hall, Benjamin F.. Washington, DC: Robert Farnham, 1852.Google Scholar
Ohio Anti-Slavery Society. Report of the Third Anniversary of the Ohio Anti-Slavery Society, Held in Granville, Licking County, Ohio, on the 30th of May, 1838. Cincinnati: Samuel A. Alley, 1838.Google Scholar
The Ordinances of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore. Baltimore: John D. Toy, 1838.Google Scholar
Pairpoint, Alfred. Uncle Sam and His Country; or, Sketches of America, 1854–55–56. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1857.Google Scholar
Payne, Bishop Daniel Alexander. Recollections of Seventy Years. Edited by Smith, C. S.. Nashville: Publishing House of the AME Sunday School Union, 1888.Google Scholar
Pennington, James W. C. Text Book of the Origin and History of the Colored People. Hartford: L. Skinner, 1841.Google Scholar
Proceedings and Debates of the Convention of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, to Propose Amendments to the Constitution, Commenced and Held at Harrisburg, on the Second Day of May, 1837. 14 vols. Harrisburg, PA: Packer, Barrett, and Parke, 1837–39.Google Scholar
Proceedings of the National Convention held in Rochester on the 6th, 7th and 8th of July, 1853. Rochester, NY: Frederick Douglass’ Paper, 1853.Google Scholar
Regulations, Circulars, Orders & Decisions, for the Guide of Officers of the Navy of the United States, Continued in Part and Issued since the Publication Authorized by the Navy Department in March, 1832. Washington, DC: C. Alexander, 1851.Google Scholar
Report of Messrs. Peck and Price, Who Were Appointed at a Meeting of the Free Colored People of Baltimore, Held on the 25th November, 1839, Delegates to Visit British Guiana, and the Island of Trinidad. Baltimore: Woods & Crane, 1840.Google Scholar
Resolutions of the People of Color, at a Meeting Held on the 25th of January, 1831. New York: n.p., 1831.Google Scholar
Rules, Regulations, and Instructions for the Naval Service of the United States. Washington City: K. DeKrafft, 1818.Google Scholar
Scharf, J. Thomas. History of Baltimore City and County. Philadelphia: Louis H. Everts, 1881.Google Scholar
Semmes, John E. John H. B. Latrobe and His Times, 1803–1891. Baltimore: Norman, Remington, 1917.Google Scholar
Smith, C. S. A History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Philadelphia: Book Concern of the AME Church, 1922.Google Scholar
Story, Joseph. Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States . . . in Three Volumes. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, 1833.Google Scholar
Stroud, George M. A Sketch of the Laws Relating to Slavery in the Several States of the United States of America. Philadelphia: Kimber and Sharpless, 1827.Google Scholar
Testimony in the Case of Judge Stump, before a Joint Committee of the Legislature. Maryland General Assembly, Joint Committee of the Legislature, 1860.Google Scholar
Tiffany, Joel. A Treatise on the Unconstitutionality of American Slavery. Cleveland: J. Calyer, 1849.Google Scholar
Turnbull, David. Travels in the West: Cuba; with Notice of Porto Rico, and the Slave Trade. London: Lorgman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1840.Google Scholar
Turner, Nat. The Confessions of Nat Turner. Edited by Gray, Thomas R.. Baltimore: Thomas R. Gray, 1831.Google Scholar
Tyson, John Shoemaker. Life of Elisha Tyson, the Philanthropist. Baltimore: B. Lundy, 1825.Google Scholar
Watkins, William. Address Delivered before the Moral Reform Society, in Philadelphia, August 8, 1836. Philadelphia: Merrihew and Gunn, 1836.Google Scholar
Wattles, A., and Hopkins, A.. Memorial to the General Assembly of the State of Ohio. Cincinnati: Pugh & Dodd, 1838.Google Scholar
Wheeler, Jacob D. A Practical Treatise on the Law of Slavery. New York: Allan Pollock; New Orleans: Benjamin Levy, 1837.Google Scholar
Wilson, Rufus R. Washington: The Capital City, and Its Part in the History of the Nation. Vol. 1. New York: J. B. Lippincott, 1902.Google Scholar
Wirt, William. The Letters of a British Spy: Originally Published in the Virginia Argus, in August and September 1803. Richmond: Samuel Pleasants Jr., 1803.Google Scholar
The Rainbow; First Series: Originally Published in the Richmond Enquirer. Richmond: Ritchie & Worsley, 1804.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard R. Centennial of the African Methodist Church. Philadelphia: Book Concern of the A.M.E. Church, 1916.Google Scholar
Yates, William. Rights of Colored Men to Suffrage, Citizenship and Trial by Jury: Being a Book of Facts, Arguments and Authorities, Historical Notices and Sketches of Debates – With Notes. Philadelphia: Merrihew and Gunn, 1838.Google Scholar
Secondary Sources
Abel, Laura K., and Udell, David S.. “Judicial Independence: If You Gag the Lawyers, Do You Choke the Courts? Some Implications for Judges When Funding Restrictions Curb Advocacy by Lawyers on Behalf of the Poor.” Fordham Urban Law Journal 29 (February 2002): 873–906.Google Scholar
Agarwal, Nisha, and Simonson, Jocelyn. “Thinking Like a Public Interest Lawyer: Theory, Practice, and Pedagogy.” NYU Review of Law and Social Change 34 (2010).Google Scholar
Alexander, Leslie M. African or American? Black Identity and Political Activism in New York City, 1784–1861. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Alfieri, Anthony V. “Reconstructive Poverty Law Practice: Learning Lessons of Client Narrative.” Yale Law Journal 100, no. 6 (April 1991): 2107–47.Google Scholar
Allen, Austin. Origins of the ‘Dred Scott’ Case: Jacksonian Jurisprudence and the Supreme Court, 1837–1857. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Allmendinger, David F., Jr. Nat Turner and the Rising in Southampton County. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Alloy, Jason S. “158-County Banishment Georgia: Constitutional Implications under the State Constitutional and the Federal Right to Travel.” Georgia Law Review 36 (Summer 2002): 1083–108.Google Scholar
Anbinder, Tyler. Five Points: The 19th-Century New York City Neighborhood That Invented Tap Dance, Stole Elections, and Became the World’s Most Notorious Slum. New York: Free Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Anderson, George B. Landmarks of Rensselaer County, New York. Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co., 1897.Google Scholar
Bacon, Jacqueline. Freedom’s Journal: The First African American Newspaper. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2007.Google Scholar
Ballesien, Edward. Navigating Failure: Bankruptcy and Commercial Society in Antebellum America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Banks, Willa. “Curtis Washington Jacobs: Architect of Absolute Black Enslavement, 1850–1864.” Maryland Historical Magazine 104, no. 2 (Summer 2009): 120–43.Google Scholar
Banks, Willa Young. “A Contradiction in Antebellum Baltimore: A Competitive School for Girls of ‘Color’ within a Slave State.” Maryland Historical Magazine 99, no. 2 (June 2004): 132–63.Google Scholar
Beasley, Delilah L. The Negro Trailblazers of California. New York: G. K. Hall, 1997. First published in 1919.Google Scholar
Beirne, D. Randall. “The Impact of Black Labor on European Immigration into Baltimore’s Oldtown, 1790–1910.” Maryland Historical Magazine 83, no. 4 (Winter 1988): 331–45.Google Scholar
Beirne, Francis F. The Amiable Baltimoreans. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
Bell, Derrick. “Serving Two Masters: Integration Ideals and Client Interests in School Desegregation Litigation.” Yale Law Journal 85, no. 3 (July 1976): 470–516.Google Scholar
Berlin, Ira. Slaves without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South. New York: Pantheon, 1975.Google Scholar
Bilder, Mary S. “The Struggle over Immigration: Indentured Servants, Slaves, and Articles of Commerce.” Missouri Law Review 61, no. 4 (1996): 745–819.Google Scholar
Black, Joel E. “A Theory of African-American Citizenship: Richard Westbrooks, the Great Migration, and the Chicago Defender’s ‘Legal Helps’ Column.” Journal of Southern History 46, no. 4 (Summer 2013): 869–915.Google Scholar
Bogen, David S. “The Annapolis Poll Books of 1800 and 1804: African American Voting in the Early Republic.” Maryland Historical Magazine 86, no. 1 (1991): 57–65.Google Scholar
“The Maryland Context of ‘Dred Scott’: The Decline in the Legal Status of Maryland Free Blacks, 1776–1810.” American Journal of Legal History 34, no. 4 (1990): 381–411.Google Scholar
Bolster, W. Jeffrey. Black Jacks: African American Seamen in the Age of Sail. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Boyd, Melba Joyce. Discarded Legacy: Politics and Poetics in the Life of Frances E. W. Harper, 1825–1911. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Brackett, Jeffrey R. The Negro in Maryland: A Study of the Institution of Slavery. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1889.Google Scholar
Notes on the Progress of the Colored People of Maryland since the War. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, 1890.Google Scholar
Breen, Patrick H. The Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood: A New History of the Nat Turner Revolt. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Brickner, Paul. “The Passenger Cases (1849): Justice John McLean’s ‘Cherished Policy’ as the First of Three Phases of American Immigration Law.” Southwestern Journal of Law and Trade in the Americas 10, no. 1 (2003–2004): 63–80.Google Scholar
Brodine, Charles E., Jr., Crawford, Michael J., and Hughes, Christine F.. Interpreting Old Ironsides: An Illustrated Guide to USS Constitution. Washington, DC: Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy, 2007.Google Scholar
Brooks, Joanna. “The Early American Public Sphere and the Emergence of a Black Print Culture.” William and Mary Quarterly 62, no. 1 (January 2005): 67–92.Google Scholar
Brophy, Alfred L. “‘A Revolution Which Seeks to Abolish Law, Must End Necessarily in Despotism’: Louisa McCord and Antebellum Southern Legal Thought.” Cardozo Women’s Law Journal 5, no. 1 (1998): 33–77.Google Scholar
Brown, C. Christopher. “Maryland’s First Political Convention by and for Its Colored People.” Maryland Historical Magazine 88, no. 3 (October 1993): 297–325.Google Scholar
Brown, Christopher Leslie, and Morgan, Philip D., eds. Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Brown, Elsa Barkley. “African-American Women’s Quilting: A Framework for Conceptualizing and Teaching African-American Women’s History.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 14 (1989): 921–29.Google Scholar
Browne, Gary Lawson. Baltimore in the Nation, 1789–1861. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Brugger, Robert J. Maryland: A Middle Temperament, 1634–1980. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press and the Maryland Historical Society, 1988.Google Scholar
Budney, Stephen R. “William Jay (1789–1858).” In Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition, vol. 2, edited by Hinks, Peter and McKivigan, John, 383–85. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Calderhead, William. “The Role of the Professional Slave Trader in a Slave Economy: Austin Woolfolk, a Case Study.” Civil War History 23 (September 1977): 195–211.Google Scholar
Campbell, James M. Slavery on Trial: Race, Class, and Criminal Justice in Antebellum Richmond, Virginia. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Campbell, James T. Songs of Zion: The African Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States and South Africa. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, Penelope. Maryland in Africa: The Maryland State Colonization Society, 1831–1857. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.Google Scholar
Carroll, Tamar W. Mobilizing New York: AIDS, Antipoverty, and Feminist Activism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Clemens, Paul G. E. The Atlantic Economy and Colonial Maryland’s Eastern Shore: From Tobacco to Grain. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Click, Patricia C. The Spirit of the Times: Amusements in Nineteenth-Century Baltimore, Norfolk, & Richmond. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Cohen, Joanna. “‘The Right to Purchase Is as Free as the Right to Sell’: Defining Consumers as Citizens in the Auction-house Conflicts of the Early Republic.” Journal of the Early Republic 30, no. 1 (Spring 2010): 25–62.Google Scholar
Colaisco, James A. Frederick Douglass and the Fourth of July. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.Google Scholar
Coleman, Peter J. Debtors and Creditors in America: Insolvency, Imprisonment for Debt, and Bankruptcy, 1607–1900. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1974.Google Scholar
Conkin, Paul K. Prophets of Prosperity: America’s First Political Economists. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Cornell, Saul. “A New Paradigm for the Second Amendment.” Law and History Review 22, no. 2 (Spring 2004): 161–67.Google Scholar
Cowan, Dave, and Hitchings, Emma. “‘Pretty Boring Stuff’: District Judges and Housing Possession Proceedings.” Social & Legal Studies 16, no. 3 (2007): 363–82.Google Scholar
Crooms-Robinson, Lisa. “The United States Constitution and the Struggle for African American Citizenship: An Overview.” In The Oxford Handbook of African American Citizenship, 1865–Present, edited by Gates, Henry Louis Jr. et al., 519–20. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Cushman, Clare. The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789–1993. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1993.Google Scholar
Daly, Suzanne. “Belligerent Instruments: The Documentary Violence of Bleak House.” Studies in the Novel 47, no. 1 (Spring 2015): 20–42.Google Scholar
Daniels, Douglas H. Pioneer Urbanites: A Social and Cultural History of Black San Francisco. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Davidson, George A. “The Lawyer’s Perspective: Celebrating the Courthouse.” The Green Bag: An Entertaining Journal of Law 11 (Winter 2008): 159–70.Google Scholar
Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Emancipation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.Google Scholar
DeKay, James T. Chronicles of the Frigate Macedonian, 1809–1922. New York: Norton, 1995.Google Scholar
De la Fuente, Alejandro. “From Slaves to Citizens? Tannenbaum and the Debates on Slavery, Emancipation, and Race Relations in Latin America.” International Labor & Working-Class History 77, no. 1 (Spring 2010): 154–73.Google Scholar
“Slave Law and Claims-Making in Cuba: The Tannenbaum Debate Revisited.” Law and History Review 22, no. 2 (Summer 2004): 339–69.Google Scholar
Della, M. Ray, Jr. “An Analysis of Baltimore’s Population in the 1850s.” Maryland Historical Magazine 68, no. 1 (March 1973): 20–35.Google Scholar
DeLombard, Jeannine Marie. Slavery on Trial: Law, Abolitionism, and Print Culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Detzer, David. Dissonance: The Turbulent Days between Fort Sumter and Bull Run. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2007.Google Scholar
Deyle, Steven. Carry Me Back: The Domestic Slave Trade in American Life. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Dillon, Merton L. Benjamin Lundy and the Struggle for Negro Freedom. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1966.Google Scholar
Dixon, Chris. African America and Haiti: Emigration and Black Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Dunbar, Erica Armstrong. A Fragile Freedom: African American Women and Emancipation in the Antebellum City. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Dyer, Justin Buckley. “Lincolnian Natural Right, Dred Scott, and the Jurisprudence of John McLean.” Polity 41, nos. 1–4 (January 2008): 63–85.Google Scholar
Edwards, Laura F. The People and Their Peace: Legal Culture and the Transformation of Inequality in the Post-Revolutionary South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Elfenbein, Jessica I., Breihan, John R., and Hollowak, Thomas L.. From Mobtown to Charm City: New Perspectives on Baltimore’s Past. Baltimore: Maryland Historical Society, 2002.Google Scholar
Ely, Melvin Patrick. Israel on the Appomattox: A Southern Experiment in Black from the 1790s through the Civil War. New York: Knopf, 2004.Google Scholar
Engler, Russell. “And Justice for All – Including the Unrepresented Poor: Revisiting the Roles of the Judges, Mediators, and Clerks.” Fordham Law Review 67 (April 1999): 1987–2068.Google Scholar
Fanning, Sarah. Caribbean Crossing: African Americans and the Haitian Emigration Movement. New York: New York University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
“The Early Roots of Black Nationalism: Northern African Americans’ Invocations of Haiti in the Early Nineteenth Century.” Slavery and Abolition 28, no. 1 (April 2007): 61–85.Google Scholar
Fehrenbacher, Don E. The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.Google Scholar
Fields, Barbara Jeanne. Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland during the Nineteenth Century. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Fields, Karen E., and Fields, Barbara J.. Racecraft: The Soul of Inequality in American Life. London: Verso, 2012.Google Scholar
Finkelman, Paul. An Imperfect Union: Slavery, Federalism, and Comity. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Flexner, James Thomas. States Dyckman: American Loyalist. New York: Fordham University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Floyd, Claudia. Union-Occupied Maryland: A Civil War Chronicle of Civilians and Soldiers. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Foner, Eric. The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery. New York: Norton, 2010.Google Scholar
Forbes, Ella. But We Have No Country: The 1851 Christiana, Pennsylvania, Resistance. Cherry Hill, NJ: Africana Homestead, 1998.Google Scholar
Frey, Donald E. “The Puritan Roots of Daniel Raymond’s Economics.” History of Political Economy 32, no. 3 (Fall 2000): 607–29.Google Scholar
Freyer, Tony A. Producers versus Capitalists: Constitutional Conflict in Antebellum America. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Fuke, Richard P. “The Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of the Colored People, 1864–1870.” Maryland Historical Magazine 66, no. 4 (Winter 1971): 369–404.Google Scholar
“Blacks, Whites, and Guns: Interracial Violence in Post-Emancipation Maryland.” Maryland Historical Magazine 92, no. 3 (Fall 1997): 327–47.Google Scholar
“Hugh Lennox Bond and Radical Republican Ideology.” Journal of Southern History 45, no. 4 (November 1979): 569–86.Google Scholar
Gaffield, Julia. “‘Outrages on the Laws of Nations’: American Merchants and Diplomacy after the Haitian Declaration of Independence.” In The Haitian Declaration of Independence: Creation, Context, and Legacy, edited by Gaffield, Julia. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Gamble, Robert J. “Civic Economies: Commerce, Regulation, and Public Space in the Antebellum City.” PhD diss., Johns Hopkins University, 2014.Google Scholar
Gardner, Bettye. “Ante-bellum Black Education in Baltimore.” Maryland Historical Magazine 71, no. 3 (1976): 360–66.Google Scholar
“Opposition to Emigration: A Selected Letter of William Watkins (The Colored Baltimorean).” Journal of Negro History 67, no. 2 (1982): 155–58.Google Scholar
“William Watkins: Antebellum Black Teacher and Writer.” Negro History Bulletin 39, no. 6 (1976): 623–24.Google Scholar
Gardner, Eric. Jennie Carter: A Black Journalist of the Early West. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2007.Google Scholar
Gee, Harvey. “Is a ‘Hearing Officer’ Really a Judge? The Presumed Role of ‘Judges’ in the Unconstitutional New York Housing Court.” New York City Law Review 5 (Summer 2002): 1.Google Scholar
Geismar, Joan H. “What Is Night Soil? Thoughts on an Urban Privy.” Historical Archaeology 27, no. 2 (1993) 57–70.Google Scholar
Gellman, David N. Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom, 1777–1827. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
George, Carol V. R. Segregated Sabbaths: Richard Allen and the Rise of Independent Black Churches: 1760–1840. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973.Google Scholar
Ghachem, Malick W. The Old Regime and the Haitian Revolution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Gilfoyle, Timothy J. “‘America’s Greatest Criminal Barracks’: The Tombs and the Experience of Criminal Justice in New York City, 1838–1897.” Journal of Urban History 29, no. 5 (2003): 525–54.Google Scholar
Gilge, Paul A. “The Baltimore Riots of 1812 and the Breakdown of the Anglo-American Mob Tradition.” Journal of Social History 13, no. 4 (Summer 1980): 547–64.Google Scholar
Giltner, Scott E. Hunting and Fishing in the New South: Black Labor and White Leisure after the Civil War. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Gold, Roberta. When Tenants Claimed the City: The Struggle for Citizenship in New York City Housing. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Gordon, Sarah Barringer. “The African Supplement: Religion, Race, and Corporate Law in Early National America.” William and Mary Quarterly 72, no. 3 (July 2015): 385–422.Google Scholar
Graber, Mark A. Dred Scott and the Problem of Constitutional Evil. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1982.Google Scholar
Gross, Ariela J. “Beyond Black and White: Cultural Approaches to Race and Slavery.” Columbia Law Review 101, no. 3 (April 2001): 640–90.Google Scholar
Double Character: Slavery and Mastery in the Antebellum Southern Courtroom. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Gross, Norman. Noble Purposes: Nine Champions of the Rule of Law. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Grossberg, Michael. A Judgment for Solomon: The d’Hauteville Case and Legal Experience in Antebellum America. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Guyatt, Nicholas. “‘The Outskirts of Our Happiness’: Race and the Lure of Colonization in the Early Republic.” Journal of American History 95, no. 4 (March 2009): 986–1011.Google Scholar
Hahn, Steven. “Hunting, Fishing, and Foraging: Common Rights and Class Relations in the Postbellum South.” Radical History Review 26 (1982): 37–64.Google Scholar
A Nation under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
The Political Worlds of Slavery and Freedom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Halliday, Paul D. Habeas Corpus: From England to Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Hamer, Philip M. “Great Britain, the United States, and the Negro Seamen Acts, 1822–1848.” Journal of Southern History 1, no. 1 (February 1935): 3–28.Google Scholar
Hammond, Hall. “Commemoration of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Maryland Court of Appeals: A Short History.” Maryland Law Review 38, no. 2 (1978): 229–41.Google Scholar
Hancock, Harold B. “William Yates’ Letter of 1837: Slavery, and Colored People in Delaware.” Delaware History 14 (1971): 205–16.Google Scholar
Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, and Foster, Frances Smith. A Brighter Coming Day: A Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Reader. New York, New York: Feminist Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Harris, Janette Hoston. “Woodson and Wesley: A Partnership in Building the Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History.” Journal of Negro History 83, no. 2 (Spring 1998): 109–19.Google Scholar
Harris, Leslie M. In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Harrold, Stanley. Subversives: Antislavery Community in Washington, D.C., 1828–1865. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Hartog, Hendrik. “The Constitution of Aspiration and ‘The Rights That Belong to Us All.’” Journal of American History 74, no. 3 (December 1987): 1013–34.Google Scholar
“The Public Law of a County Court: Judicial Government in Eighteenth Century Massachusetts.” American Journal of Legal History 20, no. 4 (October 1976): 282–329.Google Scholar
Hildebrand, Reginald F. The Times Were Strange and Stirring: Methodist Preachers and the Crisis of Emancipation. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Hoeflich, M. H. Legal Publishing in Antebellum America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010).Google Scholar
Honig, Bonnie. Democracy and the Foreigner. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Huebner, Timothy S. “Roger B. Taney and the Slavery Issue: Looking Beyond – and Before – Dred Scott.” Journal of American History 97, no. 1 (June 2010): 17–38.Google Scholar
James, Winston. The Struggles of John Brown Russwurm: The Life and Writings of a Pan-Africanist Pioneer, 1799–1851. New York: New York University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Johnson, Nicholas. Negroes and the Gun: The Black Tradition of Arms. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2014.Google Scholar
Johnson, Walter. “On Agency.” Journal of Social History 37, no. 1 (Fall 2003): 113–24.Google Scholar
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Jones, Bernie D. Fathers of Conscience: Mixed-Race Inheritance in the Antebellum South. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Jones, Martha S. All Bound Up Together: The Woman Question in African American Public Culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.Google Scholar
“The Case of Jean Baptiste, un Créole de Saint-Domingue: Narrating Slavery, Freedom, and the Haitian Revolution in Baltimore City.” In The American South and the Atlantic World, edited by Ward, Brian, Bone, Martin, and Link, William A., 104–28. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2013.Google Scholar
“Leave of Court: African-American Legal Claims Making in the Era of Dred Scott v. Sandford.” In Contested Democracy: Politics, Ideology, and Race in American History, edited by Sinha, Manisha and Von Eschen, Penny, 54–74. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Kale, Madhavi. Fragments of Empire: Capital, Slavery, and Indian Indentured Labor in the British Caribbean. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Kantrowitz, Stephen. More Than Freedom: Citizenship in a White Republic, 1829–1889. New York: Penguin, 2012.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Sidney. “Herman Melville and the American National Sin: The Meaning of Benito Cereno.” In American Studies in Black and White: Selected Essays, 1949–1989. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Karasch, Mary C. Slave Life in Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1850. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Katz, Jonathan. Resistance at Christiana: A Documentary Account. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1974.Google Scholar
Kelly, Alfred H. “Clio and the Court: An Illicit Love Affair.” Supreme Court Review 1965 (1965): 119–58.Google Scholar
Kerr-Ritchie, Jeffrey R. “Rehearsal for War: Black Militias in the Atlantic World.” Slavery and Abolition 25, no. 1 (April 2005): 1–34.Google Scholar
Kersch, Ken I. “Beyond Originalism: Conservative Declarationism and Constitutional Redemption.” Maryland Law Review 71 (2016): 229–82.Google Scholar
Kessler, Mark. “Legal Mobilization for Social Reform: Power and the Politics of Agenda Setting.” Law & Society Review 24, no. 1 (1990): 121–43.Google Scholar
Klein, Herbert S., and Luna, Francisco Vidal. Slavery in Brazil. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Knight, Franklin W. Slave Society in Cuba during the Nineteenth Century. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1970.Google Scholar
Kramer, Larry D. The People Themselves: Popular Constitutionalism and Judicial Review. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Landers, Jane. Atlantic Creoles in the Age of Revolutions. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Lapp, Rudolph M. Blacks in Gold Rush California. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Lasson, Kenneth. “Free Exercise in the Free State: Maryland’s Role in the Development of First Amendment Jurisprudence.” University of Baltimore Law Review 18 (Fall 1988): 81–109.Google Scholar
“Free Exercise in the Free State: Maryland’s Role in Religious Liberty and the First Amendment.” Journal of Church and State 31, no. 3 (1989): 419–49.Google Scholar
Leonard, William. “Black and Irish Relations in Nineteenth Century Boston: The Interesting Case of Lawyer Robert Morris.” Historical Journal of Massachusetts 37, no. 1 (Spring 2009): 64–85.Google Scholar
Leslie, William R. “The Pennsylvania Fugitive Slave Act of 1826.” Journal of Southern History 18, no. 4 (November 1952): 429–45.Google Scholar
Levine, Robert S. Martin Delany, Frederick Douglass, and the Politics of Representative Identity. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Levy, Leonard Williams. The Establishment Clause: Religion and the First Amendment. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Looney, Ginny. “Biting the Budget at Legal Services.” Southern Changes 4, nos. 4–5 (1983): 257–84.Google Scholar
Lovit, Alex. “‘The Bounds of Habitation’: The Geography of the American Colonization Society, 1816–1860.” Ph D diss., University of Michigan, 2011.Google Scholar
Mahoney, Barry. “The Administration of Justice and Court Reform.” Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science 31, no. 3 (1974): 58–72.Google Scholar
Mamiya, Lawrence H. “A Social History of the Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Baltimore: The House of God and the Struggle for Freedom.” In American Congregations. Vol. 1, Portraits of Twelve Religious Communities, edited by Wind, James P. and Lewis, James W., 221–92. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Mann, Bruce H. Republic of Debtors: Bankruptcy in the Age of American Independence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Maris-Wolf, Ted. Family Bonds: Free Blacks and Re-enslavement Law in Antebellum Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Marshall, T. H. Citizenship and Social Class and Other Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1950.Google Scholar
Martin, Tyrone G. A Most Fortunate Ship: A Narrative History of Old Ironsides. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Masur, Kate. “Patronage and Protest in Kate Brown’s Washington.” Journal of American History 99, no. 4 (March 2013): 1047–71.Google Scholar
May, Nicholas. “Holy Rebellion: Religious Assembly Laws in Antebellum South Carolina and Virginia.” American Journal of Legal History 49, no. 3 (July 2007): 237–56.Google Scholar
Maynard, Christopher S. “Note: Nine-Headed Caesar: The Supreme Court’s Thumbs-Up Approach to the Right to Travel.” Case Western Reserve Law Review 51, no. 2 (December 2000): 297–352.Google Scholar
Mayne, Alan. “Tall Tales but True? New York’s ‘Five Points’ Slum.” Journal of Urban History 33, no. 22 (January 2007): 320–31.Google Scholar
McClure, James P., et al. “Circumventing the Dred Scott Decision: Edward Bates, Salmon P. Chase, and the Citizenship of African Americans.” Civil War History 43, no. 4 (1997): 279–309.Google Scholar
McGarvie, Mark Douglas. One Nation under Law: America’s Early National Struggles to Separate Church and State. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
McManus, Edgar J. A History of Negro Slavery in New York. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
McNamara, Martha J. From Tavern to Courthouse: Architecture and Ritual in American Law, 1685–1860. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Meeker, Dustin. “Curtis W. Jacobs’ Diary and Account Book, 1854–1866.” Maryland Historical Magazine 106, no. 1 (Spring 2011): 135–35.Google Scholar
Melton, J. Gordon. “African American Methodism in the M.E. Tradition: The Case of Sharp Street (Baltimore).” North Star: A Journal of African American Religious History 8, no. 2 (January 2005).Google Scholar
Melton, Maurice. “African American Maritime Pilots in the South Atlantic Shipping Trade, 1640–1865.” Journal of the Georgia Association of Historians 27 (2007/2008): 1–26.Google Scholar
Middleton, Stephen. The Black Laws: Race and the Legal Process in Early Ohio. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Miller, Floyd J. The Search for a Black Nationality: Black Emigration and Colonization, 1787–1863. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975.Google Scholar
Morel, Lucas E. “The ‘Dred Scott’ Dissents: McLean, Curtis, Lincoln, and the Public Mind.” Journal of Supreme Court History 32, no. 22 (2007): 133–51.Google Scholar
Moss, Hilary J. Schooling Citizens: The Struggle for African American Education in Antebellum America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Murray, David R. Odious Commerce: Britain, Spain and the Abolition of the Cuban Slave Trade. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Myers, John L. “American Antislavery Society Agents and the Free Negro, 1833–1838.” Journal of Negro History 52, no. 3 (July 1967): 200–19.Google Scholar
Nation, Richard F. “Violence and the Rights of African Americans in Civil War–Era Indiana: The Case of James Hays.” Indiana Magazine of History 100, no. 32 (2004): 215–30.Google Scholar
Neuman, Gerald L. “The Lost Century of American Immigration Law (1776–1875).” Columbia Law Review 93, no. 8 (December 1993): 1833–1901.Google Scholar
Nevin, Alfred. Encyclopædia of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Encyclopaedia Publishing, 1884.Google Scholar
Newman, Kathe, and Wyly, Elvin K.. “The Right to Stay Put, Revisited: Gentrification and the Resistance to Displacement in New York City.” Urban Studies 43, nos. 1–4 (2006): 23–57.Google Scholar
Newman, Richard S. Freedom’s Prophet: Bishop Richard Allen, the AME Church, and the Black Founding Fathers. New York: New York University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
The Transformation of American Abolitionism: Fighting Slavery in the Early Republic. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Norgren, Jill. “Lawyers and the Legal Business of the Cherokee Republic in Courts of the United States, 1829–1835.” Law and History Review 10, no. 2 (Autumn 1992): 235–314.Google Scholar
Novak, William J. “The Legal Transformation of Citizenship in Nineteenth-Century America.” In The Democratic Experiment: New Directions in American Political History, edited by Jacobs, Meg, Novak, William J., and Zelizer, Julian E., 85–119. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Novak, William J. The People’s Welfare: Law and Regulation in Nineteenth-Century America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Olson, Sherry H. Baltimore, the Building of an American City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Page, Max. “From ‘Miserable Dens’ to the ‘Marble Monster’: Historical Memory and the Design of Courthouses in Nineteenth-Century Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 119, no. 4 (1995): 299–343.Google Scholar
Palmer, Vernon V. Through the Codes Darkly: Slave Law and Civil Law in Louisiana. Clark, NJ: Lawbook Exchange, 2012.Google Scholar
Pamphile, Léon Dénius. Haitians and African Americans: A Heritage of Tragedy and Hope. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001.Google Scholar
Penniman, Nicholas G., IV. “Baltimore’s Daily Press and Slavery, 1857–1860.” Maryland Historical Magazine 99, no. 4 (Winter 2004): 491–507.Google Scholar
Penningroth, Dylan. The Claims of Kinfolk: Africa American Property and Community in the Nineteenth-Century South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Parker, Kunal M. “Citizenship and Immigration Law, 1800–1924: Resolutions of Membership and Territory.” In The Cambridge History of Law in America. Vol. 2, edited by Grossberg, Michael and Tomlins, Christopher, 168–203. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
“Making Blacks Foreigners: The Legal Construction of Former Slaves in Post-Revolutionary Massachusetts.” Utah Law Review 2001 (2001): 75–124.Google Scholar
Making Foreigners: Immigration and Citizenship Law in America, 1600–2000. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Perl-Rosenthal, Nathan. Citizen Sailors: Becoming American in the Age of Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Petrie, George. Church and State in Early Maryland. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1892.Google Scholar
Phillips, Christopher. “The Dear Name of Home: Resistance to Colonization in Antebellum Baltimore.” Maryland Historical Magazine 91, no. 2 (1996): 180–202.Google Scholar
Freedom’s Port: The African American Community of Baltimore, 1790–1860. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Phillips, Glenn O. “Maryland and the Caribbean, 1634–1984: Some Highlights.” Maryland Historical Magazine 83, no. 3 (1988): 199–214.Google Scholar
Polgar, Paul J. “‘Whenever They Judge It Expedient’: The Politics of Partisanship and Free Black Voting Rights in Early National New York.” American Nineteenth Century History 12, no. 1 (March 2011): 1–23.Google Scholar
Porter, Andrew C. “Comment: Toward a Constitutional Analysis of the Right to Intrastate Travel.” Northwestern University Law Review 86, no. 3 (April 1992): 820–1169.Google Scholar
Powell, H. Jefferson. “Attorney General Taney and the South Carolina Police Bill.” Green Bag 2d series 5 (2001): 75–100.Google Scholar
Power-Greene, Ousmane K. Against Wind and Tide: The African American Struggle against the Colonization Movement. New York: New York University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Pratt, Lloyd “Speech, Print, and Reform on Nantucket.” In A History of the Book in America, Vol. 3, The Industrial Book, 1840–1880, edited by Casper, Scott E., Groves, Jeffrey D., Nissenbaum, Stephen W., and Winship, Michael, 392–99. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Primus, Richard A. “The Riddle of Hiram Revels.” Harvard Law Review 119, no. 6 (April 2006): 1680–734.Google Scholar
Pritchett, Jonathan B. “The Interregional Slave Trade and the Selection of Slaves for the New Orleans Market.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 28, no. 1 (Summer 1997): 57–85.Google Scholar
Proctor, Nicolas W. Bathed in Blood: Hunting and Mastery in the Old South. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Provine, Dorothy S. District of Columbia Free Negro Registers, 1821–1861. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 1996.Google Scholar
Pryor, Elizabeth Anne. Colored Travelers: Mobility and the Fight for Citizenship before the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Quarles, Benjamin. “Charles Harris Wesley.” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 97, no. 2 (October 1987): 275–79.Google Scholar
Rael, Patrick. Black Identity and Black Protest in the Antebellum North. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Rafferty, Matthew, The Republic Afloat: Law, Honor, and Citizenship in Maritime America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Reid-Vazquez, Michele. The Year of the Lash: Free People of Color in Cuba and the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Reser, Heather E. “Comment: Airline Terrorism: The Effect of Tightened Security on the Right to Travel.” Journal of Air Law and Commerce 63, no. 4 (May 1998): 819–49.Google Scholar
Ridgway, Whitman H. Community Leadership in Maryland, 1790–1840: A Comparative Analysis of Power in Society. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Ripley, C. Peter, et al., eds. The Black Abolitionist Papers. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Roach, Joseph. Cities of the Dead: Circum-Atlantic Performance. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Robertson, Craig. The Passport in America: The History of a Document. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Rockman, Seth. Scraping By: Wage Labor, Slavery, and Survival in Early Baltimore. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Rothman, Adam. Slave Country: American Expansion and the Origins of the Deep South. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Ryan, Mary P. “Democracy Rising: The Monuments of Baltimore, 1809–1842.” Journal of Urban History 36, no. 2 (2010): 127–50.Google Scholar
Sandage, Scott. Born Losers: A History of Failure in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Schneider, The Honorable James F. A Guide to the Clarence M. Mitchell, Jr. Courthouse, Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore: Baltimore Courthouse and Law Museum Foundation, 2009.Google Scholar
Schoeppner, Michael. “Legitimating Quarantine: Moral Contagions, the Commerce Clause, and the Limits of Gibbons v. Ogden.” Journal of Southern Legal History 17, nos. 1/2 (2009): 81–120.Google Scholar
Schor, Paul. Counting Americans: How the US Census Classified the Nation. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Scott, Rebecca J. “Paper Thin: Freedom and Re-enslavement in the Diaspora of the Haitian Revolution.” Law and History Review 29, no. 4 (2011): 1061–87.Google Scholar
“Reclaiming Gregoria’s Mule: The Meaning of Freedom in the Arimao and Caunao Valleys, Cienfuegos, Cuba, 1880–1899.” Past & Present [Great Britain] 170 (2001): 181–216.Google Scholar
Shalope, Robert E. The Baltimore Bank Riot: Political Upheaval in Antebellum Maryland. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Shepard, Kris. Rationing Justice: Poverty Lawyers and Poor People in the Deep South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Sidbury, James. Becoming African in America: Race and Nation in the Early Black Atlantic. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Simpson, A. W. B. “The Rise and Fall of the Legal Treatise: Legal Principles and the Forms of Legal Literature.” University of Chicago Law Review 48 (Summer 1981): 633–34.Google Scholar
Skeel, David A., Jr. Debt’s Dominion: A History of Bankruptcy Law in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Slaughter, Thomas P. Bloody Dawn: The Christiana Riot and Racial Violence in the Antebellum North. New York: Oxford, 1991.Google Scholar
Smith, Rogers M. “The Inherent Deceptiveness of Constitutional Discourse: A Diagnosis and Prescription.” Nomos 40 (1998): 215–54.Google Scholar
Snorgrass, J. William. “The Black Press in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1856–1900.” California History 60, no. 4 (1981–82): 306–17.Google Scholar
Sobel, Mechal. Trabelin’ On: The Slave Journey to an Afro-Baptist Faith. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Stopak, Aaron. “The Maryland State Colonization Society: Independent State Action in the Colonization Movement.” Maryland Historical Magazine 63, no. 3 (1968): 275–98.Google Scholar
Sullivan, David K. “William Lloyd Garrison in Baltimore, 1829–1830.” Maryland Historical Magazine 68, no. 1 (1973): 64–79.Google Scholar
Surrency, Erwin C. A History of American Law Publishing. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications, 1990.Google Scholar
Swift, David E. Black Prophets of Justice: Activist Clergy before the Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Tannenbaum, Frank. Slave and Citizen, the Negro in the Americas. New York: Knopf, 1946.Google Scholar
Thomas, Bettye C. “Public Education and Black Protest in Baltimore, 1865–1900.” Maryland Historical Magazine 73, no. 3 (Fall 1976): 381–91.Google Scholar
Thomas, Lamont D. Rise to Be a People: A Biography of Paul Cuffe. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.Google Scholar
Thompson, Elizabeth Lee. The Reconstruction of Southern Debtors: Bankruptcy after the Civil War. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Thorp, Galen N. “William Wirt.” Journal of Supreme Court History 33, no. 3 (2008): 223–303.Google Scholar
Towers, Frank. The Urban South and the Coming of the Civil War. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Tuckerman, Bayard. William Jay and the Constitutional Movement for the Abolition of Slavery. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1894.Google Scholar
Tyler, Samuel. Memoir of Roger Brooke Taney, LL.D., Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Baltimore: J. Murphy, 1876.Google Scholar
Vansickle, Eugene S. “A Transnational Vision for African Colonization: John H. B. Latrobe and the Future of Maryland in Liberia.” Journal of Transatlantic Studies 1, no. 2 (2003): 214–32.Google Scholar
Volk, Kyle G. Making Minorities and the Making of American Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Volkman, Lucas P. “Church Property Disputes, Religious Freedom, and the Ordeal of African American Methodists in Antebellum St. Louis: Farrar v. Finney (1855).” Journal of Law & Religion 27 (2011–12): 83–139.Google Scholar
Von Daacke, Kirt. Freedom Has a Face: Race, Identity, and Community in Jefferson’s Virginia. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Vorenberg, Michael. Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Waldrep, Christopher. Roots of Disorder: Race and Criminal Justice in the American South, 1817–80. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.Google Scholar
“Substituting Law for the Lash: Emancipation and Legal Formalism in a Mississippi County Court.” Journal of American History 82, no. 4 (March 1996): 1425–51.Google Scholar
Walker, Juliet E. K. History of Black Business in America: Capitalism, Race, Entrepreneurship. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Walther, Eric H. The Shattering of the Union: America in the 1850s. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004.Google Scholar
Welke, Barbara Young. Law and the Borders of Belonging in the Long Nineteenth Century United States. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Wesley, Charles H. “Creating and Maintaining an Historical Tradition.” Journal of Negro History 49, no. 1 (January 1964): 13–33.Google Scholar
White, Shane. Somewhat More Independent: The End of Slavery in New York City, 1770–1810. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Whitman, T. Stephen. The Price of Freedom: Slavery and Freedom in Baltimore and Early National Maryland. New York: Routledge, 1999.Google Scholar
Whittington, Keith E. Constitutional Construction: Divided Power and Constitutional Meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Williams, Harold A. The Baltimore Sun, 1837–1987. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
“Light for All: Arunah S. Abell and the Rise of the Baltimore ‘Sun.’” Maryland Historical Magazine 82, no. 3 (Fall 1987): 197–213.Google Scholar
Williams, Patricia J. “The Pain of Word Bondage.” Chap. 8 in The Alchemy of Race and Rights. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Winch, Julie. A Gentleman of Color: The Life of James Forten. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Wong, Edlie L. Neither Fugitive nor Free: Atlantic Slavery, Freedoms Suits, and the Legal Culture of Travel. New York: New York University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Wright, James Martin. The Free Negro in Maryland, 1632–1860. New York: Columbia University Press, 1921.Google Scholar
Yamin, Rebecca, ed. Tales of Five Points: Working-Class Life in Nineteenth-Century New York. 7 vols. Washington, DC: General Services Administration, 2002.Google Scholar
Young, Ernest A. “Popular Constitutionalism and the Underenforcement Problem: The Case of the National Healthcare Law.” Law and Contemporary Problems 75, no. 3 (2012): 157–201.Google Scholar