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9 - Landfarming

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2009

James L. Walworth
Affiliation:
Dept. of Soil Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
C. Mike Reynolds
Affiliation:
US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover NH 03755, USA
Allison Rutter
Affiliation:
Analytical Services Unit, Queens University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Ian Snape
Affiliation:
Environmental Protection and Change Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
Dennis M. Filler
Affiliation:
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Ian Snape
Affiliation:
Australian Antarctic Division, Tasmania
David L. Barnes
Affiliation:
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
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Summary

Introduction

Landfarming has been described as “a simple technique in which contaminated soil is excavated and spread over a prepared bed and periodically tilled until pollutants are degraded” (Vidali 2001) but, in practice, it can be either an ex situ or in situ technique. Landfarming generally uses a combination of volatilization and biodegradation to reduce hydrocarbon concentrations. For biodegradation to be effective, stimulating aerobic soil microorganisms is essential; this is commonly accomplished by adding nutrients and mixing the soil to increase aeration. Aerating the soil in this way also increases the loss of hydrocarbon contaminants to the atmosphere via volatilization. Volatilization of diesel and lighter hydrocarbons greatly assists the remediation process but it is less effective for heavier molecular weight hydrocarbons such as crude oil.

For in situ landfarming it is possible to treat only relatively shallow layers of soil where reasonable oxygenation can be maintained. In ex situ landfarming, excavated contaminated soil is spread as a thin layer in a treatment bed that is often lined with an impermeable layer to control leaching and runoff. Ex situ landfarming can be as simple as soil spread in a cleared area or it can be a major construction with contouring or drainage systems or both for removal of excess water. Plumbing can also be used for the application of water, either alone or in combination with nutrients or other amendments, to the landfarm surface.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Landfarming
    • By James L. Walworth, Dept. of Soil Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson AZ 85721, USA, C. Mike Reynolds, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover NH 03755, USA, Allison Rutter, Analytical Services Unit, Queens University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada, Ian Snape, Environmental Protection and Change Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
  • Edited by Dennis M. Filler, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Ian Snape, David L. Barnes, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
  • Book: Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Cold Regions
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535956.011
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  • Landfarming
    • By James L. Walworth, Dept. of Soil Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson AZ 85721, USA, C. Mike Reynolds, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover NH 03755, USA, Allison Rutter, Analytical Services Unit, Queens University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada, Ian Snape, Environmental Protection and Change Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
  • Edited by Dennis M. Filler, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Ian Snape, David L. Barnes, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
  • Book: Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Cold Regions
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535956.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Landfarming
    • By James L. Walworth, Dept. of Soil Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson AZ 85721, USA, C. Mike Reynolds, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover NH 03755, USA, Allison Rutter, Analytical Services Unit, Queens University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada, Ian Snape, Environmental Protection and Change Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
  • Edited by Dennis M. Filler, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Ian Snape, David L. Barnes, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
  • Book: Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Cold Regions
  • Online publication: 22 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535956.011
Available formats
×