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The Muse corrects: the opening of the Odyssey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2011

Victoria Pedrick
Affiliation:
Georgetown University
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Summary

The first ten verses of the Odyssey are a peculiar proem; as Stephanie West in a recent commentary summarizes:

Despite the care which has obviously been bestowed on its composition, this is…an odd opening for our Odyssey. It covers only a third of the poem (V–XII), not very accurately, and gives disproportionate emphasis to a single incident…[And] the suitors' sins are of far more importance for the poem as a whole than those of Odysseus' comrades. Moreover…Odysseus' wanderings do not take him much among the cities of men (3), but far from human society. None of the speciosa miracula which we associate with Odysseus…is mentioned. We do not expect a comprehensive summary of what is to come; but if the poet's purpose was, as it would be natural to suppose, simply to indicate enough of his theme to catch his audience's attention, his choice of detail is strange.

The proem is thus incomplete as an introduction and skewed in its focus: the loss of Odysseus' crew due to its recklessness in eating the cattle of the Sun hardly seems the cardinal thematic episode in the epic. The proem also suffers from vagueness; while it is apparently similar in its structure to the openings of other early Greek narratives, it does not explicitly name its hero or its theme.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1992

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