Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
The goal of this chapter is to show how to formalize the schemes by expressing each scheme as a formal inference structure in a way comparable to forms of inference we all are already familiar with in deductive logic, and to some extent in inductive reasoning. Although deductive and inductive forms of argument can be included as argumentation schemes, the most difficult part of this project is the formalization of the defeasible schemes. The defeasible schemes listed in the compendium represent the most common forms of reasoning not only in everyday discourse, but also in special contexts of use like legal and scientific reasoning. The defeasible schemes presented in the compendium look to have a rough formal structure, but there is a wide variety of them, utilizing many different kinds of variables and constants. Before the schemes can be formalized, further clarifications need to be made (Verheij, 2003).
THE DEFEASIBLE MODUS PONENS FORM OF SCHEMES
In order to be useful in logic, artificial intelligence, and related scientific fields, schemes must be formalized, meaning that they have to be codified in some precise way so that the coder (whether machine or human) can recognize a particular argument as fitting a scheme and then use it to derive conclusions from the given set of premises based on that identification. Once an argument is recognized as fitting a scheme, an argument markup, utilizing an argument diagram, can reconstruct the argument in a given case using the scheme as a template or pattern on which to frame the reconstruction.
To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.
To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.
To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.