Chapter 4 focuses on unguarded POW labor distribution and the farms and rural industries associated with the camps. Across the Pacific theater civilians and POWs, as well as alienated citizens (in North America), supplemented wartime industry through their nominally waged employment in manufacturing and agricultural industries. The chapter looks at the penal economy, the labor regimen and the ways in which the labor of Italian POWs became integrated into a larger network of wartime labor circulation throughout Australia, with insights into the exceptional productivity of camps at Marrinup, Hay and Loveday. Key differences between internee and POW labor employment are contextualized in the wartime mobilization of workers across Australia.