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4 - Anger Penalty

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2024

Antoine J. Banks
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, College Park
Ismail K. White
Affiliation:
Princeton University, New Jersey
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Summary

Chapter 4 investigates if whites apply an “anger penalty” to a Black politician relative to a white politician. We examine if an angry Black Democrat politician is racially handicapped among racially prejudiced whites. We test our predictions using several survey experiments on adult national samples of whites. We uncover evidence of an anger penalty in that racially prejudiced whites evaluate an angry Black Democrat politician more unfavorably than a non-angry Black Democrat politician and an angry white Democrat politician. Additionally, we find a similar effect among whites oriented to supporting group-based social hierarchies (i.e., having a social dominance orientation). In another study, we examine if this anger penalty depends on the issue. We expect an anger penalty is greater when the issue implicates Black Americans than if it is unrelated to the group. The findings show that racially prejudiced whites penalize a Black politician only when the anger is related to a racialized issue and not when the issue is unrelated to race. In our final experimental study, we examine whether a Black female politician’s anger is treated differently than a Black male’s; the anger penalty does not appear to be conditioned on gender.

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Chapter
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The Anger Rule
Racial Inequality and Constraints on Black Politicians
, pp. 65 - 99
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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  • Anger Penalty
  • Antoine J. Banks, University of Maryland, College Park, Ismail K. White, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Anger Rule
  • Online publication: 15 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009275255.004
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  • Anger Penalty
  • Antoine J. Banks, University of Maryland, College Park, Ismail K. White, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Anger Rule
  • Online publication: 15 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009275255.004
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Anger Penalty
  • Antoine J. Banks, University of Maryland, College Park, Ismail K. White, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Anger Rule
  • Online publication: 15 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009275255.004
Available formats
×