Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T21:40:54.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2016

Arjan Zuiderhoek
Affiliation:
Universiteit Gent, Belgium
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
The Ancient City , pp. 191 - 220
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbott, F. F. and Johnson, A. C. (1926) Municipal administration in the Roman empire. Princeton.Google Scholar
Abramenko, A. (1993) Die munizipale Mittelschicht im kaiserzeitlichen Italien: zu einem neuen Verständnis von Sevirat und Augustalität. Frankfurt.Google Scholar
Abrams, P. and Wrigley, E. A. eds. (1978) Towns in societies: essays in economic history and historical sociology. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. A. (2012) Why nations fail: the origins of power, prosperity and poverty. New York.Google Scholar
Adams, R. McC. (1966) The evolution of urban society: urban Mesopotamia and Prehispanic Mexico. Chicago.Google Scholar
Ades, A. F. and Glaeser, E. L. (1995), ‘Trade and circuses: explaining urban giants’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 110(1): 195227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adkins, A. W. H. (1972) Moral values and political behaviour in Ancient Greece: from Homer to the end of the fifth century. London.Google Scholar
Alcock, S. E. (1993) Graecia capta: the landscapes of Roman Greece. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Alcock, S. E. and Osborne, R. eds. (2007) Classical archaeology. Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology. Malden, Oxford & Carlton.Google Scholar
Alföldy, G. (1984) Römische Sozialgeschichte. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Alston, R. and van Nijf, O. M. eds. (2008) Feeding the Ancient Greek city. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 1. Leuven.Google Scholar
Alston, R., van Nijf, O. M. and Williamson, C. G. eds. (2013) Cults, creeds and identities in the Greek city after the Classical Age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 3. Leuven.Google Scholar
Anderson, B. (2006) Imagined communities: reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism. Rev. edn. London & New York.Google Scholar
Anderson, G. (2009) ‘The personality of the Greek state’, JHS 129: 122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. C. (1997) Roman architecture and society. Baltimore & London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ando, C. (2000) Imperial ideology and provincial loyalty in the Roman Empire. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Andrewes, A. (1966) ‘The government of Classical Sparta’, in Badian, E. ed. Ancient society and institutions: studies presented to Victor Ehrenberg on his 75th birthday. Oxford, 120.Google Scholar
Arnaoutoglou, I. (2011) ‘“Ils étaient dans la ville, mais tout à fait en dehors de la cité’: status and identity in private religious associations in Hellenistic Athens’, in van Nijf, , Alston, and Williamson, eds. Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven, 2748.Google Scholar
Atkins, M. and Osborne, R. eds. (2006) Poverty in the Roman world. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austin, M. M. and Vidal-Naquet, P. (1977) Economic and social history of Ancient Greece: an introduction. London.Google Scholar
Bagnall, R. (1992) ‘Landholding in late Roman Egypt’, JRS 82: 128–49.Google Scholar
Bagnall, R. and Derow, P. eds. (2004) The Hellenistic period: historical sources in translation. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bang, P. F. (2008) The Roman bazaar: a comparative study of trade and markets in a tributary empire. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Bang, P. F. (2012) ‘Predation’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 197217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beard, M. (2007) The Roman triumph. Cambridge, MA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beard, M. (2008) Pompeii: the life of a Roman town. London.Google Scholar
Beetham, D. (1991) The legitimation of power. Basingstoke.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berent, M. (1998) ‘Stasis, or the Greek invention of politics’, History of Political Thought 19(3): 331–62.Google Scholar
Berent, M. (2000a) ‘Anthropology and the classics: war, violence and the stateless polis’, CQ 50: 257–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berent, M. (2000b) ‘Sovereignty: ancient and modern’, Polis 17(1–2): 234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berent, M. (2004) ‘In search of the Greek state: a rejoinder to M. H. Hansen’, Polis 21(1–2): 107–46.Google Scholar
Berent, M. (2006) ‘The stateless polis: a reply to critics’, Social Evolution & History 5(1): 141–63.Google Scholar
Bert Lott, J. (2004) The neighborhoods of Augustan Rome. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Betts, E. (2011) ‘Towards a multisensory experience of movement in the city of Rome’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 118–32.Google Scholar
Billows, R. A. (1990) Antigonos the One-Eyed and the creation of the Hellenistic state. Berkeley & Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Bintliff, J. (2002) ‘Going to market in antiquity’, in Olshausen, E. and Sonnabend, H. eds., Zu Wasser und zu Land: Verkehrswege in der antiken Welt. Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur historischen Geographie des Altertums 7, 1999. Geographica Historica Bd. 17. Stuttgart, 209–50.Google Scholar
Bintliff, J. (2008) ‘Considerations on agricultural scale-economies in the Greco-Roman world’, in Alston, and van Nijf, , Feeding the Ancient Greek city. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 1. Leuven, 1731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bissa, E. (2009) Governmental intervention in foreign trade in archaic and Classical Greece. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blok, J. H. (2005) ‘Becoming citizens: some notes on the semantics of “citizen” in Classical Athens’, Klio 87(1): 740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blok, J. H. (2007) ‘Fremde, Bürger und Baupolitik im klassischen Athen’, Historische Anthropologie 15: 309–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blok, J. H. (2014) ‘A “covenant” between gods and men: hiera kai hosia and the Greek polis’, in Rapp, and Drake, eds., The city in the Classical and post-Classical world: changing contexts of power and identity. Cambridge, 1437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodel, J. (2000) ‘Dealing with the dead: undertakers, executioners and potters’ fields in Ancient Rome’, in Hope, and Marshall, eds. Death and disease in the ancient city. London, 128–51.Google Scholar
Bolkestein, H. (1939) Wohltätigkeit und Armenpflege im vorchristlichen Altertum. Utrecht.Google Scholar
Boone, M. (2013) ‘Medieval Europe’, in Clark, P. ed. The Oxford handbook of cities in world history. Oxford, 221–39.Google Scholar
Bosker, M., Buringh, E. and van Zanden, J. L. (2008) ‘From Baghdad to London: The dynamics of urban development in Europe and the Arab world, 800–1800’, www2.econ.uu.nl/users/marrewijk/newgeo/pdf/bagdadnaarlondon-dec2008.pdf.Google Scholar
Bosker, M., Buringh, E. and van Zanden, J. L. (2013) ‘From Baghdad to London: unravelling urban development in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, 800–1800’, The Review of Economics and Statistics 95(4): 1418–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowden, H. (1993) ‘Hoplites and Homer: warfare, hero cult and the ideology of the polis’, in Rich, and Shipley, eds. War and society in the Greek world. London & New York, 4563.Google Scholar
Bowman, A. K. and Wilson, A. eds. (2011) Settlement, urbanization, and population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, T. D. and Jameson, M. H. (1981) ‘Urban and rural land division in Ancient Greece’, Hesperia 50(4): 327–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braudel, F. (1981) The structures of everyday life: the limits of the possible. Civilization and capitalism 15th–18th century vol. 1. New York [French original 1979].Google Scholar
Brélaz, C. (2005) La sécurité publique en Asie Mineure sous le Principat (Ier-IIIème s. ap. J.-C.). Basel.Google Scholar
Brenner, R. (1976) ‘Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe’, Past & Present 70: 3075.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bresson, A. (2000) ‘Prix officiels et commerce de gros à Athènes’, in Bresson, A., La cité marchande. Paris, 182210.Google Scholar
Bresson, A. (2007) L’économie de la Grèce des cités (fin VIe-Ier siècle a. C.) I: les structures et la production. Paris.Google Scholar
Bresson, A. (2008) L’économie de la Grèce des cités (fin VIe-Ier siècle a. C.) II: les espaces de l’échange. Paris.Google Scholar
Bringmann, K. (1993) ‘The king as benefactor: some remarks on ideal kingship in the age of Hellenism’, in Bulloch, A., Gruen, E. S., Long, A. A. and Stewart, A. eds., Images and ideologies: self-definition in the Hellenistic world. Berkeley, 724.Google Scholar
Broekaert, W. (2011) ‘Partners in business: Roman merchants and the potential advantages of being a collegiatus’, Ancient Society 41: 221–56.Google Scholar
Broekaert, W. (2012) ‘Vertical integration in the Roman economy: a response to Morris Silver’, Ancient Society 42: 109–25.Google Scholar
Broekaert, W. and Zuiderhoek, A. (2013) ‘Industries and services’, in Erdkamp, ed. The Cambridge companion to Ancient Rome. Cambridge, 317–35.Google Scholar
Brown, P. (1971) ‘The rise and function of the holy man in Late Antiquity’, JRS 61: 80101.Google Scholar
Brown, P. (1992) Power and persuasion in late antiquity: towards a Christian empire. Madison, WI.Google Scholar
Brown, P. (2002) Poverty and leadership in the later Roman Empire. Hanover, NH.Google Scholar
Brown, P. (2012) Through the eye of a needle: wealth, the fall of Rome, and the making of Christianity in the West, 350–550 AD. Princeton.Google Scholar
Brunt, P. A. (1971) Social conflicts in the Roman Republic. London.Google Scholar
Brunt, P. A. (1982) ‘Nobilitas and novitas’, JRS 72: 117.Google Scholar
Brunt, P. A. (1987) Italian manpower, 225 B.C.–A.D. 14. Rev. edn. Oxford.Google Scholar
Brunt, P. A. (1988) The fall of the Roman Republic and related essays. Oxford.Google Scholar
Burford, A. (1969) The Greek temple builders at Epidauros: a social and economic study of building in the Asklepian sanctuary during the fourth and early third centuries B.C. Liverpool.Google Scholar
Burkert, W. (1985) Greek religion: archaic and classical. Oxford [German original 1977].Google Scholar
Burton, G. P. (1979) ‘The curator rei publicae: towards a reappraisal’, Chiron 9: 465–79.Google Scholar
Busolt, G. (1920–1926) Griechische Staatskunde. 2 vols. Munich.Google Scholar
Butzer, K. W. (2008) ‘Other perspectives on urbanism: beyond the disciplinary boundaries’, in Marcus, and Sabloff, eds. The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe, 7792.Google Scholar
Cahill, N. (2002) Household and city organization at Olynthus. New Haven.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, A. (2012) The Mediterranean world in late antiquity, 395–700 AD. 2nd edn. Abingdon.Google Scholar
Cammack, D. (2012) ‘Deliberation in Classical Athens: not talking, but thinking (and voting)’ (October 7, 2012). Available at SSRN (Social Science Research Network): http://ssrn.com/abstract=2161074 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2161074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camp, J. M. (1986) The Athenian Agora. London.Google Scholar
Carl, P. et al. (2000) ‘Were cities built as images?’, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 10(2): 327–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlsson, S. (2010) Hellenistic democracies: freedom, independence and political procedure in some east Greek city-states. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. (1993) ‘Classical Greek agriculture: recent work and alternative views’, Journal of Peasant Studies 21: 127–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cartledge, P. (1995) ‘Classical Greek agriculture II: two more alternative views’, Journal of Peasant Studies 23: 131–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cartledge, P. (1999) ‘Laying down polis law’, CR 49: 465–9.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. (2001) ‘Spartan kingship: doubly odd?’, in Cartledge, P., Spartan reflections. London, 5567.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. (2002a) The Greeks: a portrait of self and others. 2nd edn. Oxford.Google Scholar
Cartledge, P. (2002b) ‘The economy (economies) of Ancient Greece’, in Scheidel, and Von Reden, eds. The ancient economy. New York, 1132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cartledge, P. (2009) Ancient Greek political thought in practice. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cartledge, P., Cohen, E. E. and Foxhall, L. eds. (2002) Money, labour and land: approaches to the economies of Ancient Greece. London & New York.Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A. (1995) ‘Sich selbst feiern? Städtische Feste des Hellenismus im Spannungsfeld von Religion und Politik’, in Wörrle, M. and Zanker, P. eds., Stadtbild und Bürgerbild im Hellenismus. Munich, 147–72.Google Scholar
Childe, V. G. (1950) ‘The urban revolution’, Town Planning Review 21: 317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christie, N. J. (2001) ‘War and order: urban remodelling and defensive strategy in Late Roman Italy’, in Lavan, ed. Recent research in late-antique urbanism. JRA Suppl. 42. Portsmouth, 106–22.Google Scholar
Cipolla, C. M. (1994) Before the Industrial Revolution: European society and economy 1000–1700. 3rd edn. New York & London.Google Scholar
Clark, P. (2009) European cities and towns 400–2000. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, P. ed. (2013) The Oxford handbook of cities in world history. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, E. E. (1992) Athenian economy and society: a banking perspective. Princeton.Google Scholar
Cohen, E. E. (2000) The Athenian nation. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, G. M. (1978) The Seleucid colonies: studies in founding, administration and organization. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. M. (1995) The Hellenistic settlements in Europe, the islands and Asia Minor. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. M. (2006) The Hellenistic settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin, and North Africa. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. M. (2013) The Hellenistic settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Corbier, M. (1991) ‘City, territory and taxation’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 211–39.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. (1995) The beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000–264 BC). London & New York.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. (2000) ‘The city-states in Latium’, in Hansen, ed. A comparative study of thirty city-state cultures. Copenhagen, 209–28.Google Scholar
Cornell, T. J. and Lomas, K. eds. (1995) Urban society in Roman Italy. London.Google Scholar
Cowgill, G. L. (2003a) ‘Some recent data and concepts about ancient urbanism’, in Sanders, W. T., Guadalupe Mastache, A. and Cobean, R. H. eds., El urbanismo en mesoamerica/Urbanism in Mesoamerica Vol. I. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia and Pennsylvania State University, 119.Google Scholar
Cowgill, G. L. (2003b) ‘Teotihuacan: cosmic glories and mundane needs’, in Smith, ed. The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London, 3755.Google Scholar
Cowgill, G. L. (2004) ‘Origins and development of urbanism: archaeological perspectives’, Annual Review of Anthropology 33: 525–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, C. A. (1998) Household interests: property, marriage strategies, and family dynamics in Ancient Athens. Princeton.Google Scholar
Crielaard, J. P. (2009) ‘Cities’, in Raaflaub, and van Wees, eds. A companion to Archaic Greece. Malden & Oxford, 349–72.Google Scholar
D’Agostino, B. (1990) ‘Military organisation and social structure in archaic Etruria’, in Murray, and Price, eds. The Greek city from Homer to Alexander. Oxford, 5982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Das, R. J. and Dutt, A. K. (1993) ‘Rank-size distribution and primate city characteristics in India – a temporal analysis’, GeoJournal 29(2): 125–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davies, J. K. (1971) Athenian propertied families, 600–300 B.C. Oxford.Google Scholar
Davies, J. K. (1981) Wealth and the power of wealth in Classical Athens. Salem.Google Scholar
Davies, J. K. (1997) ‘The “origins of the Greek polis”: where should we be looking?’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, eds. The development of the polis in Archaic Greece. London & New York, 2438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deene, M. (2011) ‘Naturalized citizens and social mobility in Classical Athens: the case of Apollodorus’, G&R 58.2: 159–75.Google Scholar
Deene, M. (2013) Aspects of social mobility in Classical Athens. Unpub. PhD thesis, Ghent.Google Scholar
Deene, M. (2014) ‘Let’s work together! Economic cooperation, social capital, and chances of social mobility in Classical Athens’, G&R 61.2: 152–73.Google Scholar
De Giorgi, A. U. (2008) ‘Town and country in Roman Antioch’, in Alston, and van Nijf, eds. Feeding the Ancient Greek city. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 1. Leuven, 6383.Google Scholar
Delaine, J. (1997) The Baths of Caracalla: a study in the design, construction, and economics of large-scale building projects in imperial Rome. JRA Suppl. 25. Portsmouth.Google Scholar
Delaine, J. (2000) ‘Building the Eternal City: the building industry of imperial Rome’ in Coulston, J. and Dodge, H. eds., Ancient Rome: the archaeology of the Eternal City. Oxford, 119–41.Google Scholar
De Laix, R. A. (1973) Probouleusis at Athens: a study of political decision-making. Berkeley.Google Scholar
De Ligt, L. (1993) Fairs and markets in the Roman empire: economic and social aspects of periodic trade in a pre-industrial society. Amsterdam.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Ligt, L. and Garnsey, P. (2012) ‘The Album of Herculaneum and a model of the town’s demography’, JRA 25: 6994.Google Scholar
De Ligt, L. and Northwood, S. J. eds. (2008) People, land, and politics: demographic developments and the transformation of Roman Italy, 300 BC–AD 14. Leiden & Boston.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Polignac, F. (1995) Cults, territory, and the origins of the Greek city-state. Chicago & London [French original 1984].Google Scholar
De Ste. Croix, G. E. M. (1972) The origins of the Peloponnesian War. Ithaca.Google Scholar
De Ste, . Croix, G. E. M. (1975) ‘Political pay outside Athens’, CQ 25: 4852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Ste, . Croix, G. E. M. (1981) The class struggle in the Ancient Greek world: from the Archaic age to the Arab conquest. London [corrected impression 1983].Google Scholar
De Vries, J. (1984) European urbanization 1500–1800. London.Google Scholar
Díaz Del Castillo, B. (1956) The discovery and conquest of Mexico 1517–1521. New York.Google Scholar
Dickenson, C. P. (2012) On the agora: power and public space in Hellenistic and Roman Greece. Unpub. PhD thesis, Groningen.Google Scholar
Dickenson, C. P. and van Nijf, O. M. eds. (2013) Public space in the post-Classical city. Leuven.Google Scholar
Dmitriev, S. (2005) City government in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobbins, J. J. and Foss, P. W. eds. (2007) The world of Pompeii. New York & London.Google Scholar
Donahue, J. F. (2004) The Roman community at table during the Principate. Ann Arbor.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donlan, W. (1980) The aristocratic ideal in Ancient Greece. Lawrence.Google Scholar
Donlan, W. (1985) ‘The social groups of Dark Age Greece’, CP 80: 293308.Google Scholar
Donlan, W. (1989) ‘The pre-state community in Greece’, Symbolae Osloenses 64: 529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donlan, W. (1997) ‘The relations of power in the pre-state and early state polities’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, eds. The development of the polis in Archaic Greece. London & New York, 3948.Google Scholar
Duff, A. M. (1958) Freedmen in the early Roman Empire. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Duncan, J. S. (1990) The city as text: the politics of landscape interpretation in the Kandyan kingdom. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Duncan-Jones, R. (1982) The economy of the Roman empire: quantitative studies. 2nd edn. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Duncan-Jones, R. (1990) Structure and scale in the Roman economy. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan-Jones, R. (1996) ‘The impact of the Antonine Plague’, JRA 9: 108–36.Google Scholar
Duthoy, R. (1978) ‘Les *Augustales’, in ANRW 16(2): 1254–309.Google Scholar
Edmondson, J. (2006) ‘Cities and urban life in the western provinces of the Roman Empire, 30 BCE–250 CE’, in Potter, ed. A companion to the Roman Empire. Malden, Oxford & Carlton, 250–80.Google Scholar
Edwards, C. and Woolf, G. eds. (2003) Rome the cosmopolis. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. (1962) The people of Aristophanes: a sociology of old Attic comedy. 3rd edn. New York.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. (1969) The Greek state. 2nd edn. London.Google Scholar
Eilers, C. (2002) Roman patrons of Greek cities. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emberling, G. (2003) ‘Urban social transformations and the problem of the “first city”’, in Smith, M. L. ed. The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London, 254–68.Google Scholar
Engels, D. (1990) Roman Corinth: an alternative model for the classical city. Chicago.Google Scholar
Epstein, S. R. and Prak, M. eds. (2008) Guilds, innovation, and the European economy, 1400–1800. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (2001) ‘Beyond the limits of the “consumer city”: a model of the urban and rural economy in the Roman world’, Historia 50: 332–56.Google Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (2005) The grain market in the Roman Empire: a social, political and economic study. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erdkamp, P. (2012) ‘Urbanism’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 241–65.Google Scholar
Erdkamp, P. ed. (2013) The Cambridge companion to Ancient Rome. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erskine, A. (2001) ‘Antiochus the Great’, CR 51(2): 320–2.Google Scholar
Fentress, E. (2000) Romanization and the city: creation, transformations, and failures. JRA Suppl. 38. Portsmouth.Google Scholar
Ferguson, W. S. (1928) ‘The leading ideas of the new world’, in Cook, S. A., Adcock, F. E. and Charlesworth, M. P. eds., The Cambridge ancient history. Vol. 7. The Hellenistic monarchies and the rise of Rome. Cambridge, 140.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1963) The Ancient Greeks: an introduction to their life and thought. London.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1978) The world of Odysseus. 2nd rev. edn., London.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1981a) ‘The ancient city: from Fustel de Coulanges to Max Weber and beyond’, in Finley, Economy and society in Ancient Greece. Ed. with an introduction by B. D. Shaw and R. P. Saller. London, 3–23.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1981b) ‘Was Greek civilization based on slave labour?’, in Finley, Economy and society in Ancient Greece. Ed. with an introduction by B. D. Shaw and R. P. Saller. London, 97–115.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1981c) ‘The servile statuses of Ancient Greece’, in Finley, Economy and society in Ancient Greece. Ed. with an introduction by B. D. Shaw and R. P. Saller. London, 133–49.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1981d) Economy and society in Ancient Greece. Ed. with an introduction by Shaw, B. D. and Saller, R. P.. London.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1983) Politics in the ancient world. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1985) Democracy ancient and modern. 2nd edn. New Brunswick & London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1998) Ancient slavery and modern ideology. Expanded edn. by Shaw, B. D.. Princeton.Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1999) The ancient economy. Updated edn. by Morris, I.. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Finn, R. (2006a) Almsgiving in the later Roman empire: Christian promotion and practice 313–450. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finn, R. (2006b) ‘Portraying the poor: descriptions of poverty in Christian texts from the late Roman Empire’, in Atkins, and Osborne, eds. Poverty in the Roman world. Cambridge, 130–44.Google Scholar
Fleming, D. (2002) ‘The streets of Thurii: discourse, democracy, and design in the Classical polis’, Rhetoric Society Quarterly 32: 532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flohr, M. (2013a) The world of the fullo: work, economy, and society in Roman Italy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flohr, M. (2013b) Review of Mayer (2012), JRS 103: 308–9.Google Scholar
Foss, C. (1975) ‘The Persians in Asia Minor and the end of Antiquity’, English Historical Review 90: 721–47.Google Scholar
Fox, R. G. (1977) Urban anthropology: cities in their cultural settings. Englewood Cliffs.Google Scholar
Foxhall, L. (1992) ‘The control of the Attic landscape’, in Wells, ed. Agriculture in Ancient Greece. Stockholm, 155–9.Google Scholar
Foxhall, L. (2002) ‘Access to resources in Classical Greece: the egalitarianism of the polis in practice’, in Cartledge, , Cohen, and Foxhall, eds. Money, labour and land: approaches to the economies of Ancient Greece. London & New York, 209–20.Google Scholar
Foxhall, L. (2007) Olive cultivation in Ancient Greece: seeking the ancient economy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frank, T. (1940) Rome and Italy of the Empire. An economic survey of Ancient Rome V. Baltimore.Google Scholar
Franklin, J. L. (1980) Pompeii: the electoral programmata, campaigns and politics, AD 71–79. Rome.Google Scholar
Fraser, P. M. (1996) Cities of Alexander the Great. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuhrmann, C. J. (2012) Policing the Roman Empire: soldiers, administration, and public order. Oxford & New York.Google Scholar
Fustel de Coulanges, N. D. (2001) The ancient city. Kitchener [French original 1864].Google Scholar
Gabrielsen, V. (2001) ‘The Rhodian associations and economic activity’, in Archibald, Z. H., Davies, J., Oliver, G. J. and Gabrielsen, V. eds., Hellenistic economies. London & New York, 215–44.Google Scholar
Gabrielsen, V. (2009) ‘Brotherhoods of faith and provident planning: the non-public associations of the Greek world’, in Malkin, I., Constantakopoulou, C. and Panagopoulou, K. eds., Greek and Roman networks in the Mediterranean. London & New York, 176203.Google Scholar
Gallant, T. W. (1991) Risk and survival in Ancient Greece: reconstructing the rural domestic economy. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Galley, C. (1995) ‘A model of early modern urban demography’, Economic History Review 48(3): 448–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garlan, Y. (1988) Slavery in Ancient Greece. Ithaca.Google Scholar
Garland, R. (2009) Daily life of the Ancient Greeks. 2nd edn. Westport.Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1970) Social status and legal privilege in the Roman Empire. Oxford.Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1975) ‘Descendants of freedmen in local politics: some criteria’, in Levick, B. ed., The ancient historian and his materials: essays in honour of C. E. Stevens on his seventieth birthday. Farnborough, 167–80.Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1988) Famine and food supply in the Graeco-Roman world: responses to risk and crisis. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1998a) Cities, peasants and food in Classical Antiquity: essays in social and economic history. Ed. Scheidel, W.. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1998b) ‘Urban property investment in Roman society’, in Garnsey, , Cities, peasants and food in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, 6376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. (1998c) ‘Independent freedmen and the economy of Roman Italy under the Principate’, in Garnsey, , Cities, peasants and food in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, 2844.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. (2010) ‘Roman patronage’, in McGill, S., Sogno, C. and Watts, E. eds., From the Tetrarchs to the Theodosians: later Roman history and culture, 284–450 CE. Cambridge, 3354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. and Saller, R. (2014) The Roman Empire: economy, society and culture. 2nd edn. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsey, P. and Whittaker, C. R. (1998) ‘Trade, industry and the urban economy’, in Cameron, A. and Garnsey, P. eds., The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 13. The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. 2nd edn. Cambridge, 312–37.Google Scholar
Gates, C. (2011) Ancient cities: the archaeology of urban life in the Ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece, and Rome. 2nd edn. London & New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gauthier, Ph. (1981) ‘La citoyenneté en Grèce et à Rome: participation et intégration’, Ktèma 6: 167–79.Google Scholar
Gauthier, Ph. (1993) ‘Les cités hellénistiques’, in Hansen, ed. The Ancient Greek city-state. Copenhagen, 211–31.Google Scholar
Geertz, C. (1978) ‘The bazaar economy: information and search in peasant marketing’, The American Economic Review 68(2): 2832.Google Scholar
Gehrke, H.-J. (2009) ‘States’, in Raaflaub, and van Wees, eds. A companion to Archaic Greece. Malden & Oxford, 395410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gelzer, M. (1969) The Roman nobility. Oxford [German original 1912].Google Scholar
Gleason, M. W. (2006) ‘Greek cities under Roman rule’, in Potter, ed. A companion to the Roman Empire. Malden, Oxford & Carlton, 228–49.Google Scholar
Gonzáles, J. and Crawford, M. H. (1986) ‘The Lex Irnitana: a new copy of the Flavian municipal law’, JRS 76: 147243.Google Scholar
Goodman, P. J. (2007) The Roman city and its periphery: from Rome to Gaul. London & New York.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. (1990) ‘The veil of power: emperors, sacrificers and benefactors’, in Beard, M. and North, J. eds. Pagan priests. London, 199231.Google Scholar
Gowland, R. and Garnsey, P. (2010) ‘Skeletal evidence for health, nutritional status and malaria in Rome and the empire’, in Eckhardt, H. ed., Roman diasporas: archaeological approaches to mobility and diversity in the Roman empire. JRA Suppl. 78. Portsmouth, 131–56.Google Scholar
Green, P. (1990) Alexander to Actium: the historical evolution of the Hellenistic age. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Grieb, V. (2008) Hellenistische Demokratie: politische Organisation und Struktur in freien griechischen Poleis nach Alexander dem Grossen. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Grig, L. (2006) ‘Throwing parties for the poor: poverty and splendour in the late antique church’, in Atkins, and Osborne, eds. Poverty in the Roman world. Cambridge, 145–61.Google Scholar
Grinin, L. (2004) ‘Democracy and early state’, Social Evolution & History 3(2): 93149.Google Scholar
Gruen, E. (1974) The last generation of the Roman Republic. Berkeley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, J. M. (2002) Hellenicity: between ethnicity and culture. Chicago.Google Scholar
Hall, J. M. (2007) A history of the Archaic Greek world, ca. 1200–479 BCE. Malden, Oxford & Carlton [2nd edn. 2013].Google Scholar
Halstead, P. (1987) ‘Traditional and ancient rural economy in Mediterranean Europe: plus ça change?’, JHS 107: 7787CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1991) The Athenian democracy in the age of Demosthenes: structure, principles, and ideology. Oxford [Rev. edn. Bristol 1999].Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. ed. (1993) The Ancient Greek city-state. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1997) ‘The polis as an urban centre: the literary and epigraphic evidence’, in Hansen, M. H. ed., The polis as an urban centre and as a political community. Copenhagen, 986.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1998) Polis and city-state: an ancient concept and its modern equivalent. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. ed. (2000) A comparative study of thirty city-state cultures. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2002a) A comparative study of six city-state cultures. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2002b) ‘Was the polis a state or a stateless society?’, in Heine-Nielsen, T. ed., Even more studies in the Ancient Greek polis. Stuttgart, 1747.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2003) ‘95 theses about the Greek polis in the Archaic and Classical periods: a report on the results obtained by the Copenhagen Polis Centre in the period 1993–2003’, Historia 52(3): 257–82.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2004) ‘The concept of the consumption city applied to the Greek polis’, in Heine-Nielsen, T. ed., Once again: studies in the Ancient Greek polis. Stuttgart 947.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2006) Polis: an introduction to the Ancient Greek city-state. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (2008) ‘Analyzing cities’, in Marcus, and Sabloff, eds.The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe, 6776.Google Scholar
Hansen, M. H. and Nielsen, T. H. (2004) An inventory of archaic and classical poleis. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanson, J. W. (2011) ‘The urban system of Roman Asia Minor and wider urban connectivity’, in Bowman, and Wilson, eds. Settlement, urbanization, and population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford, 229–75.Google Scholar
Hanson, V. D. (1995) The other Greeks: the family farm and the agrarian roots of Western civilization. New York.Google Scholar
Hanson, V. D. (1996) ‘Hoplites into democrats: the changing ideology of Athenian infantry’, in Ober, and Hedrick, eds. Demokratia: a conversation on democracies, ancient and modern. Princeton, 289312.Google Scholar
Harland, Ph. (2003) Associations, synagogues, and congregations: claiming a place in Ancient Mediterranean society. Minneapolis.Google Scholar
Harper, K. (2011) Slavery in the late Roman world, AD 275–425. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, E. M. (2002) ‘Workshop, marketplace and household: the nature of technical specialization in Classical Athens and its influence on economy and society’, in Cartledge, , Cohen, and Foxhall, eds. Money, labour and land: approaches to the economies of Ancient Greece. London & New York, 6799.Google Scholar
Harries, J. (2003) ‘Favor populi: pagans, Christians and public entertainment in late antique Italy’, in Cornell, T. J. and Lomas, K. eds. Bread and circuses’: euergetism and municipal patronage in Roman Italy. London & New York, 125–41.Google Scholar
Hawkins, C. (2012) ‘Manufacturing’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 175–94.Google Scholar
Hedrick, C. W. (1994) ‘The zero degree of society: Aristotle and the Athenian citizen’, in Euben, J. P., Wallach, J. R. and Ober, J. eds., Athenian political thought and the reconstruction of American democracy. Ithaca, 289318.Google Scholar
Heller, A. (2009) ‘La cité grecque d’époque impériale: vers une société d’ordres?’, Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 64: 341–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herman, G. (1997) ‘The court society of the Hellenistic age’, in Cartledge, P., Garnsey, P. and Gruen, E. S. eds., Hellenistic constructs: essays in culture, history, and historiography. Berkeley, 199224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, H. (1952) The Roman middle class in the Republican period. Oxford.Google Scholar
Hin, S. (2013) The demography of Roman Italy: population dynamics in an ancient conquest society. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitchner, R. B. (2009) Review of Sears (2007), JRS 99: 299301.Google Scholar
Hodkinson, S. (1988), ‘Animal husbandry in the Greek polis’, in Whittaker, C. R. ed., Pastoral economies in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, 3574.Google Scholar
Hodkinson, S. (1992) ‘Imperialist democracy and market-oriented pastoral production in Classical Athens’, Anthropozoologica 16: 5360.Google Scholar
Hodkinson, S. (2000) Property and wealth in Classical Sparta. London.Google Scholar
Hölkeskamp, K.-J. (2010) Reconstructing the Roman Republic: an ancient political culture and modern research. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holleran, C. (2011) ‘The street life of Ancient Rome’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 245–61.Google Scholar
Holleran, C. (2012) Shopping in Ancient Rome: the retail trade in the Late Republic and the Principate. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holleran, C. and Pudsey, A. eds. (2011) Demography and the Graeco-Roman world: new insights and approaches. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hölscher, T. (1998) Öffentliche Räume in frühen griechischen Städten. Heidelberg.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hölscher, T. (2007) ‘Urban spaces and central places: the Greek world’, in Alcock, and Osborne, eds. Classical archaeology. Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology. Malden, Oxford & Carlton, 164–81.Google Scholar
Holton, R. J. (1986) Cities, capitalism and civilization. London.Google Scholar
Hope, V. M. and Marshall, E. eds. (2000) Death and disease in the ancient city. London.Google Scholar
Hopkins, K. (1978) ‘Economic growth and towns in classical antiquity’, in Abrams, and Wrigley, eds. Towns in societies: essays in economic history and historical sociology. Cambridge, 3577.Google Scholar
Hopkins, K. (1983) Death and renewal. Sociological studies in Roman History 2. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hopkins, K. (2002) ‘Rome, taxes, rents and trade’, in Scheidel, and Von Reden, eds. The ancient economy. New York, 190230.Google Scholar
Horden, P. (2005) ‘The earliest hospitals in Byzantium, Western Europe, and Islam’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 35(3): 361–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horden, P. and Purcell, N. (2000) The corrupting sea: a study of Mediterranean history. Oxford.Google Scholar
Hunter, V. J. (1994) Policing Athens: social control in the Attic lawsuits 420–320 B.C. Princeton.Google Scholar
Iddeng, J. W. (2012) ‘What is a Graeco-Roman festival? A polythetic approach’, in Rasmus Brandt, J. and Iddeng, J. W. eds. Greek and Roman festivals: content, meaning, and practice. Oxford, 1137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, I. (2013) Aesthetic maintenance of civic space: the ‘classical’ city from the 4th to the 7th c. AD. Leuven.Google Scholar
Jacobsen, T. (1943) ‘Primitive democracy in Ancient Mesopotamia’, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 2: 159–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jäggi, C. and Meier, H.-R. (1997) ‘“… this great appetite for church building still needs adequate explanation”: zum Kirchenbauboom am Ende der Spätantike’, in Gill, M. J., Colella, R. L., Jenkens, A. L. and Lamers, P. eds. Pratum Romanum: Richard Krautheimer zum 100. Geburtstag. Wiesbaden, 181–98.Google Scholar
Jameson, M. H. (1977–1978) ‘Agriculture and slavery in Classical Athens’, CJ 73(2): 122–45.Google Scholar
Jansen, H. S. J. (1996) ‘Wrestling with the angel: on problems of definition in urban historiography’, Urban History 23(3): 277–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jashemski, W. (2007) ‘Gardens’, in Dobbins, and Foss, eds. The world of Pompeii. New York & London, 487–98.Google Scholar
Joffe, A. H. (1998) ‘Disembedded capitals in western Asian perspective’, Comparative Studies in Society and History 40(3): 549–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, G. A. (1980) ‘Rank-size convexity and system integration: a view from archaeology’, Economic Geography 56: 234–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, A. H. M. (1940) The Greek city from Alexander to Justinian. Oxford.Google Scholar
Jones, A. H. M. (1957) Athenian democracy. Oxford.Google Scholar
Jones, A. H. M. (1964) The later Roman Empire, 284–602: a social, economic and administrative survey. 3 vols. Oxford.Google Scholar
Jones, C. P. (1978) The Roman world of Dio Chrysostom. Cambridge, MA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, N. F. (1999) The associations of Classical Athens: the response to democracy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, N. F. (2004) Rural Athens under the democracy. Philadelphia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (1991) The economy and society of Pompeii. Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2000a) ‘Wool and the textile industry of Roman Italy: a working hypothesis’, in Lo Cascio, E. ed., Mercati permanenti e mercati periodici nel mondo romano: atti degli Incontri capresi di storia dell’economia antica (Capri, 13–15 ottobre 1997). Bari, 187–97.Google Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2000b) ‘Hunger and power: theories, models and methods in Roman economic history’, in Bongenaar, H. ed., Interdependency of institutions and private entrepreneurs: proceedings of the second MOS Symposium, Leiden 1998. Istanbul, 259–84.Google Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2002) ‘The Roman economy: from cities to Empire’, in De Blois, L. and Rich, J. eds., The transformation of economic life under the Roman Empire: proceedings of the second workshop of the international network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, c. 200 B.C.–A.D. 476), Nottingham, July 4–7, 2001. Amsterdam, 2847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2003) ‘Slavery and the growth of Rome: the transformation of Italy in the first and second century BCE’, in Edwards, and Woolf, eds. Rome the cosmopolis. Cambridge, 100–22.Google Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2007a) ‘The early Roman empire: consumption’, in Scheidel, Morris and Saller, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge, 592618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jongman, W. M. (2007b) ‘The rise and fall of the Roman economy: population, rents and entitlement’, in Bang, P. F., Ikeguchi, M. and Ziche, H. G. eds., Ancient economies and modern methodologies: archaeology, comparative history, models and institutions. Bari, 237–54.Google Scholar
Joshel, S. R. (1992) Work, identity, and legal status at Rome: a study of the occupational inscriptions. Norman.Google Scholar
Kaiser, A. (2011a) Roman urban street networks. Routledge Studies in Archaeology 2. New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaiser, A. (2011b) ‘Cart traffic flow in Pompeii and Rome’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 174–93.Google Scholar
Kamen, D. (2013) Status in Classical Athens. Princeton.Google Scholar
Kennedy, H. (1985) ‘From polis to madina: urban change in late antique and early Islamic Syria’, Past & Present 106: 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kindt, J. (2012) Rethinking Greek religion. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirsten, E. (1956) Die griechische Polis als historisch-geographisches Problem des Mittelmeerraumes. Bonn.Google Scholar
Kloft, H. (1992) Die Wirtschaft der griechisch-römischen Welt. Darmstadt.Google Scholar
Kolb, F. (1984) Die Stadt im Altertum. Munich.Google Scholar
Kolendo, J. (1981), ‘La répartition des places aux spectacles et la stratification sociale dans l’Empire Romain’, Ktèma 6: 301–15.Google Scholar
Kostof, S. (1991) The city shaped: urban patterns and meanings through history. Boston.Google Scholar
Krause, J.-U. and Witschel, C. eds. (2006) Die Stadt in der Spätantike – Niedergang oder Wandel? Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Krentz, P. (2007) ‘Warfare and hoplites’, in Shapiro, ed. The Cambridge companion to Archaic Greece. Cambridge, 6184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kron, G. (2012) ‘Food production’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 156–74.Google Scholar
Kron, G. (2014) ‘Comparative evidence and the reconstruction of the ancient economy: Greco-Roman housing and the level and distribution of wealth and income’, in De Callataÿ, F. ed., Quantifying the Greco-Roman economy and beyond. Bari, 123–46.Google Scholar
Kulikowski, M. (2004) Late Roman Spain and its cities. Baltimore.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kurke, L. (1992) ‘The politics of habrosune in Archaic Greece’, Classical Antiquity 11: 91120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kusimba, C. M. (2008) ‘Early African cities: their role in the shaping of urban and rural interaction spheres’, in Marcus, and Sabloff, eds. The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe, 229–46.Google Scholar
Kusimba, C. M., Barut Kusimba, S. and Agbaje-Williams, B., ‘Precolonial African cities: size and density’, in Storey, ed. Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa, 145–58.Google Scholar
Lambert, S. D. (1993) The phratries of Attica. Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Laniado, A. (2002) Recherches sur les notables municipaux dans l’empire protobyzantin. Paris.Google Scholar
Lassère, J.-M. (2007) Manuel d’épigraphie romaine. Paris.Google Scholar
Laurence, R. (1994) Roman Pompeii: space and society. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laurence, R. (1997) ‘Writing the Roman metropolis’, in Parkins, ed. Roman urbanism: beyond the consumer city. London & New York, 120.Google Scholar
Laurence, R., Esmonde Cleary, S. and Sears, G. (2011) The city in the Roman West, c. 250 BC–c. AD 250. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laurence, R. and Newsome, D. J. eds. (2011) Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavan, L. ed. (2001a) Recent research in late-antique urbanism. JRA Suppl. 42. Portsmouth.Google Scholar
Lavan, L. (2001b) ‘The late-antique city: a bibliographical essay’, in Lavan, ed. Recent research in late-antique urbanism. JRA Suppl. 42. Portsmouth, 926.Google Scholar
Lavan, L. (2003) ‘The political topography of the late antique city: activity spaces in practice’, in Lavan, L. and Bowden, W. eds., Theory and practice in late antique archaeology. Leiden, 314–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavan, L. (2006) ‘Fora and agorai in Mediterranean cities during the 4th and 5th c. A.D.’, in Bowden, W., Machado, C. and Gutteridge, A. eds., Social and political life in Late Antiquity. Leiden, 195249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavan, M. (2013) Slaves to Rome: paradigms of empire in Roman culture. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendon, J. E. (1997) Empire of honour: the art of government in the Roman world. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lepelley, C. (1979–1981) Les cités de l’Afrique romaine au Bas-Empire. 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Lepelley, C. (1992) ‘The survival and fall of the classical city in late Roman Africa’, in Rich, ed. The city in late antiquity. London, 85104.Google Scholar
Leveau, Ph. (1983) ‘La ville antique et l’organisation de l’espace rurale: villa, ville, village’, Annales ESC 4: 920–42.Google Scholar
Levick, B. (1967) Roman colonies in southern Asia Minor. Oxford.Google Scholar
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1992) ‘The end of the ancient city’, in Rich, ed. The city in late antiquity. London, 149.Google Scholar
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (2001) The decline and fall of the Roman city. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindert, P. H. (2003) ‘Voice and growth: was Churchill right?’, Journal of Economic History 63(2): 315–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lintott, A. (1982) Violence, civil strife, and revolution in the classical city, 750–330 B.C. London.Google Scholar
Lintott, A. (1993) Imperium Romanum: politics and administration. London.Google Scholar
Lintott, A. (1999) The constitution of the Roman Republic. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J. (2009) Collegia centonariorum: the guilds of textile dealers in the Roman West. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lo Cascio, E. (2006) ‘Did the population of imperial Rome reproduce itself?’, in Storey, ed. Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa, 5268.Google Scholar
Lo cascio, E. (2009) ‘Urbanization as a proxy of demographic and economic growth’, in Bowman, A. and Wilson, A. eds., Quantifying the Roman economy: methods and problems. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford, 87106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lo cascio, E. ed. (2012) L’impatto della “peste antonina”. Bari.Google Scholar
Lomas, K. (1996) Roman Italy 338 BC–AD 250: a sourcebook. London.Google Scholar
Loseby, S. T. (2006) ‘Decline and change in the cities of late antique Gaul’, in Krause, and Witschel, eds. Die Stadt in der Spätantike – Niedergang oder Wandel? Stuttgart, 67104.Google Scholar
Loseby, S. T. (2009) ‘Mediterranean cities’, in Rousseau, and Raithel, eds., A companion to Late Antiquity. Chichester & Malden, 139–55.Google Scholar
Loseby, S. T. (2012) ‘Post-Roman economies’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 334–60.Google Scholar
Love, J. R. (1991) Antiquity and capitalism: Max Weber and the sociological foundations of Roman civilization. London.Google Scholar
Ma, J. (1999) Antiochos III and the cities of western Asia Minor. Oxford.Google Scholar
Ma, J. (2000a) ‘Public speech and community in the Euboicus, in Swain, S. ed., Dio Chrysostom: politics, letters, and philosophy. Oxford, 108–24.Google Scholar
Ma, J. (2000b) ‘Fighting poleis of the Hellenistic world’, in van Wees, H. ed., War and violence in Ancient Greece. London, 337–76.Google Scholar
Macaulay-Lewis, E. (2011) ‘The city in motion: walking for transport and leisure in the city of Rome’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 262–89.Google Scholar
Mackay, C. S. (2002) Review of Mouritsen (2001), Phoenix 56: 399401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackinnon, M. (2013) ‘Pack animals, pets, pests and other non-human beings’, in Erdkamp, ed. The Cambridge companion to Ancient Rome. Cambridge, 110–28.Google Scholar
Mackil, E. (2013) Creating a common polity: religion, economy, and politics in the making of the Greek koinon. Berkeley, Los Angeles & London.Google Scholar
MacMahon, A. and Price, J. eds. (2005) Roman working lives and urban living. Oxford.Google Scholar
MacMullen, R. (1974) Roman social relations 50 B.C. to A.D. 284. New Haven & London.Google Scholar
Macmullen, R. (1988) Corruption and the decline of Rome. New Haven.Google Scholar
Macmullen, R. (1989) ‘The preacher’s audience (AD 350–400)’, Journal of Theological Studies n.s. 40: 503–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madsen, J. M. (2009) Eager to be Roman: Greek response to Roman rule in Pontus and Bithynia. London.Google Scholar
Magie, D. (1950) Roman rule in Asia Minor to the end of the third century after Christ. 2 vols. Princeton.Google Scholar
Malkin, I. (2009) ‘Foundations’, in Raaflaub, and van Wees, eds. A companion to Archaic Greece. Malden & Oxford, 373–94.Google Scholar
Malkin, I. (2011) A small Greek world: networks in the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, C. and Scholz, P. eds. (2012) “Demokratie” im Hellenismus: von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren? Mainz.Google Scholar
Manning, S. W. (2013) ‘The Roman world and climate: context, relevance of climate change, and some issues’, in Harris, W. V. ed. The Ancient Mediterranean environment between science and history. Leiden and Boston, 103–70.Google Scholar
Marcus, J. and Sabloff, J. A. eds. (2008a) The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Marcus, J. and Sabloff, J. A. (2008b) ‘Introduction’, in Marcus, and Sabloff, eds. The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe, 326.Google Scholar
Marek, C. (2006) ‘Stadt, Bund und Reich in der Zollorganisation des kaiserzeitlichen Lykien. Eine neue Interpretation der Zollinschrift von Kaunos’, in Wiemer, H.-U. ed., Staatlichkeit und politisches Handeln in der römischen Kaiserzeit. Berlin, 107–22.Google Scholar
Marshall, E. (2000) ‘Death and disease in Cyrene: a case study’, in Hope, and Marshall, eds. Death and disease in the ancient city. London, 823.Google Scholar
Martin, J. (1994) ‘Der Verlust der Stadt’, in Meier, Ch. ed., Die Okzidentale Stadt nach Max Weber: zum Problem der Zugehörigkeit in Antike und Mittelalter. Historische Zeitschrift Beihefte n.s. vol. 17. Munich, 95114.Google Scholar
Martin, R. (1951) Recherches sur l’agora grecque. Études d’histoire et d’architecture urbaines. Paris.Google Scholar
Martzavou, P. and Papazarkadas, N. eds. (2013) Epigraphical approaches to the post-Classical polis. Oxford.Google Scholar
Marx, K. (1976–81) Capital. Tr. Fowkes, B.. 3 vols. Harmondsworth [German original 1867–1894].Google Scholar
Marzano, A. (2011) ‘Rank-size analysis and the Roman cities of the Iberian Peninsula and Britain: some considerations’, in Bowman, and Wilson, eds. Settlement, urbanization, and population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford, 196228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, J. F. (1984) ‘The tax law of Palmyra: evidence for economic history in a city of the Roman east’, JRS 74: 157–80.Google Scholar
Mattingly, D. J and Hitchner, R. B. (1995) ‘Roman Africa: an archaeological review’, JRS 85: 165213.Google Scholar
Mattingly, D. J. and Salmon, J. eds. (2001a) Economies beyond agriculture in the classical world. London & New York.Google Scholar
Mattingly, D. J. and Salmon, J. (2001b) ‘The productive past: economies beyond agriculture’, in Mattingly, and Salmon, eds. Economies beyond agriculture in the classical world. London & New York, 314.Google Scholar
Mattingly, D. J., Stone, D., Stirling, L. and Ben Lazreg, N. (2001) ‘Leptiminus (Tunisia): a “producer” city?’, in Mattingly, and Salmon, eds. Economies beyond agriculture in the classical world. London & New York, 6689.Google Scholar
Maurizio, L. (1998) ‘The Panathenaic procession: Athens’ participatory democracy on display?’, in Boedeker, D. and Raaflaub, K. A. eds., Democracy, empire, and the arts in fifth-century Athens. Cambridge, MA & London, 297317.Google Scholar
Mayer, E. (2012) The ancient middle classes: urban life and aesthetics in the Roman empire, 100 BCE–250 CE. Cambridge, MA & London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merkelbach, R. (1983) ‘Ehrenbeschluss der Kymäer für den prytanis Kleanax’, Epigraphica Anatolica 1: 3337.Google Scholar
Merrills, A. H. (2004) ‘Vandals, Romans and Berbers: understanding late antique North Africa’, in Merrills, A. H. ed., Vandals, Romans and Berbers: new perspectives on late antique North Africa. Aldershot, 330.Google Scholar
Michels, R. (1959) Political parties: a sociological study of the oligarchical tendencies of modern democracy. New York [German original 1911].Google Scholar
Migeotte, L. (1992) Les souscriptions publiques dans les cités grecques. Genève.Google Scholar
Migeotte, L. (2009) The economy of the Greek cities: from the Archaic period to the early Roman Empire. Berkeley, Los Angeles & London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Migeotte, L. (2014) Les finances des cités grecques: aux périodes classique et hellénistique. Epigraphica 8. Paris.Google Scholar
Millar, F. (1967) ‘Emperors at work’, JRS 57: 919.Google Scholar
Millar, F. (1977) The emperor in the Roman world (31 BC–AD 337). London.Google Scholar
Millar, F. (1998) The crowd in Rome in the late Republic. Ann Arbor.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millender, E. (2009) ‘The Spartan dyarchy: a comparative perspective’, in Hodkinson, S. ed., Sparta: comparative approaches. Swansea, 167.Google Scholar
Millett, M. (1991) ‘Roman towns and their territories: an archaeological perspective’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 173–93.Google Scholar
Millett, P. (1998) ‘Encounters in the agora’, in Cartledge, P., Millett, P. and Von Reden, S. eds. Kosmos: essays in order, conflict and community in Classical Athens. Cambridge, 203–28.Google Scholar
Mills, C. Wright (1956) The power elite. Oxford.Google Scholar
Mitchell, L. G. (2006) ‘Greek government’, in Kinzl, K. H. ed. A companion to the Classical Greek world. Malden, Oxford & Carlton, 367–86.Google Scholar
Mitchell, L. G. and Rhodes, P. J., eds. (1997) The development of the polis in Archaic Greece. London & New York.Google Scholar
Mitchell, S. (1990) ‘Festivals, games, and civic life in Roman Asia Minor’, JRS 80: 183–93.Google Scholar
Mitchell, S. (1993) Anatolia: land, men, and gods in Asia Minor. 2 vols. Oxford.Google Scholar
Momigliano, A. (1994) ‘The Ancient City of Fustel de Coulanges’, in Momigliano, A.D., Studies on modern scholarship. Eds. Bowersock, G. W. and Cornell, T. J.. Berkeley & London, 162–78.Google Scholar
Mommsen, T. (1887–1888) Römisches Staatsrecht. 3rd edn. 3 vols. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Moore, T. J. (1994) ‘Seats and social status in the Plautine theatre’, CJ 90: 113–23Google Scholar
Moore, J. D. (2003) ‘Life behind walls: patterns in the urban landscape on the prehistoric north coast of Peru’, in Smith, M. L. ed. The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London, 81102.Google Scholar
Moreno, A. (2007) Feeding the democracy: the Athenian grain supply in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, C. (2003) Early Greek states beyond the polis. London & New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morley, N. (1996) Metropolis and hinterland: the city of Rome and the Italian economy, 200 B.C.–A.D. 200. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morley, N. (1997) ‘Cities in context: urban systems in Roman Italy’, in Parkins, ed. Roman urbanism: beyond the consumer city. London & New York, 4258.Google Scholar
Morley, N. (2011) ‘Cities and economic development in the Roman empire’, in Bowman, and Wilson, eds. Settlement, urbanization, and population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford, 143–60.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1987) Burial and ancient society. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1991) ‘The early polis as city and state’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 2457.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1994) ‘The Athenian economy twenty years after The Ancient Economy’, CP 89: 351–66.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1996) ‘The Strong Principle of Equality and the archaic origins of Greek democracy’, in Ober, and Hedrick, eds. Demokratia: a conversation on democracies, ancient and modern. Princeton, 1948.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1998a) ‘Beyond democracy and empire: Athenian art in context’, in Boedeker, D. and Raaflaub, K. eds., Democracy, empire, and the arts in fifth-century Athens. Cambridge, MA, 5986.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1998b) ‘Archaeology as a kind of anthropology (a response to David Small)’, in Morris, I. and Raaflaub, K. (eds.) Democracy 2500? Questions and challenges. Dubuque, 229–39.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (1999) ‘Foreword’, in Finley, , The ancient economy. Berkeley, ixxxxvi.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (2000) Archaeology as cultural history: words and things in Iron Age Greece. Malden & Oxford.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (2004) ‘Economic growth in Ancient Greece’, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 160: 709–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, I. (2006) ‘The growth of Greek cities in the first millennium BC’, in Storey, ed. Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa, 2651.Google Scholar
Morris, I. (2009) ‘The eighth-century revolution’, in Raaflaub, and van Wees, eds. A companion to Archaic Greece. Malden & Oxford, 6480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, I. and Powell, B. eds. (1997) A new companion to Homer. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morstein-Marx, R. (2004) Mass oratory and political power in the late Roman Republic. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosca, G. (1980) The ruling class. Westport [Italian original 1896].Google Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (1988) Elections, magistrates and municipal elite: studies in Pompeian epigraphy. Rome.Google Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (1990) ‘A note on Pompeian epigraphy and social structure’, Classica et Mediaevalia 41: 131–49.Google Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (1997) ‘Mobility and social change in Italian towns during the Principate’, in Parkins, ed. Roman urbanism: beyond the consumer city. London & New York, 5780.Google Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (2001) Plebs and politics in the late Roman Republic. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (2011) The freedman in the Roman world. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (2012) Review of Mayer (2012), BMCR 2012.09.40.Google Scholar
Mouritsen, H. (2015) ‘Status and social hierarchies: the case of Pompeii’, in Kuhn, A. ed., Sozialer Status und Prestige in der römischen Welt. Stuttgart, 87114.Google Scholar
Mrozek, S. (1987) Les distributions d’argent et de nourriture dans les villes du Haut-Empire romain. Collection Latomus 198. Brussels.Google Scholar
Mrozek, S, (1992) ‘Caractère hiérarchique des repas officiels dans les villes romaines du Haut Empire’, in Aurell, M., Dumoulin, O. and Thélamon, F. eds., La sociabilité à table: commensalité à travers les âges. Actes du Colloque de Rouen (14–17 novembre 1990). Rouen, 181–6.Google Scholar
Mueller, K. (2006) Settlements of the Ptolemies: city foundations and new settlements in the Hellenistic world. Leuven, Paris and Dudley.Google Scholar
Muir, E. (1981) Civic ritual in renaissance Venice. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mumford, L. (1961) The city in history: its origins, its transformation, and its prospects. London.Google Scholar
Münzer, F. (1920) Römische Adelsparteien und Adelsfamilien. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Murray, O. and Price, S. eds. (1990) The Greek city from Homer to Alexander. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neri, V. (1998) I marginali nell’occidente tardoantico: poveri, ‘infames’ e criminali nella nascente società cristiana. Bari.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1980) The world of the citizen in Republican Rome. Berkeley & Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Nicols, J. (2014) Civic patronage in the Roman Empire. Leiden & Boston.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nippel, W. (1995) Public order in Ancient Rome. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, J. (1990) ‘Democratic politics in Republican Rome’, Past and Present 126: 321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, J. (2006) ‘The constitution of the Roman Republic’, in Rosenstein, N. and Morstein-Marx, R. eds., A companion to the Roman Republic. Malden, Oxford & Carlton, 256–77.Google Scholar
Ober, J. (1989) Mass and elite in democratic Athens: rhetoric, ideology, and the power of the people. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ober, J. (2000) ‘Quasi-rights: participatory citizenship and negative liberties in democratic Athens’, Social Philosophy and Policy 17: 2761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ober, J. (2001) Political dissent in democratic Athens: intellectual critics of popular rule. Princeton.Google Scholar
Ober, J. (2008) Democracy and knowledge: innovation and learning in Classical Athens. Princeton & Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ober, J. (2010) ‘Wealthy Hellas’, TAPA 140: 231–86.Google Scholar
Ober, J. (2015) The rise and fall of Classical Greece. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ober, J. and Hedrick, C. eds. (1996) Demokratia: a conversation on democracies, ancient and modern. Princeton.Google Scholar
O’Connor, A. M. (1983) The African city. London.Google Scholar
Oliver, G. J. (2007) War, food, and politics in early Hellenistic Athens. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborne, M. J. (1981–1983) Naturalization in Athens. 4 vols. Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België. Klasse der Letteren. Brussels.Google Scholar
Osborne, R. (1985) Demos: the discovery of Classical Attika. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Osborne, R. (1992) ‘“Is it a farm?” The definition of agricultural sites and settlements in Ancient Greece’, in Wells, ed. Agriculture in Ancient Greece. Stockholm, 21–8.Google Scholar
Osborne, R. (1997) ‘Law and laws: how do we join up the dots?’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, eds. The development of the polis in Archaic Greece. London & New York, 7482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborne, R. (2002) Review of Cohen (2000), CP 97: 9398.Google Scholar
Osborne, R. (2005) ‘Urban sprawl: what is urbanization and why does it matter?’, in Osborne, and Cunliffe, eds. Mediterranean urbanization 800–600 BC. Proceedings of the British Academy 126. Oxford, 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborne, R. (2009) Greece in the making, 1200–479 BC. 2nd edn., London & New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborne, R. and Cunliffe, B. eds. (2005) Mediterranean urbanization 800–600 BC. Proceedings of the British Academy 126. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ostwald, M. (1986) From popular sovereignty to the sovereignty of law: law, society, and politics in fifth-century Athens. Berkeley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ostwald, M. (2000) Oligarchia: the development of a constitutional form in Ancient Greece. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Owens, E. J. (1992) The city in the Greek and Roman world. London & New York.Google Scholar
Pareto, V. (1963) The mind and society. 4 vols. New York.Google Scholar
Parker, R. (1996) Athenian religion: a history. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkin, A. (2006) ‘“You do him no service”: an exploration of pagan almsgiving’, in Atkins, and Osborne, eds. Poverty in the Roman world. Cambridge , 6082.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkins, H. M. ed. (1997) Roman urbanism: beyond the consumer city. London & New York.Google Scholar
Parkins, H. M. and Smith, C. J. eds. (1998) Trade, traders and the ancient city. London.Google Scholar
Parrish, D. ed. (2001) Urbanism in western Asia Minor: new studies on Aphrodisias, Ephesos, Hierapolis, Pergamon, Perge and Xanthos. JRA Suppl. 45. Portsmouth.Google Scholar
Patlagean, E. (1977) Pauvreté économique et pauvreté sociale à Byzance, 4e–7e siècles. Paris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, J. R. (1991) ‘Settlement, city and elite in Samnium and Lycia’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 150–72.Google Scholar
Patterson, J. R. (2006) Landscapes and cities: rural settlement and civic transformation in early imperial Italy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, L. (1937) ‘Party politics and free speech in Classical Athens’, G&R 7: 4150.Google Scholar
Pirenne, H. (1939) Les villes et les institutions urbaines. 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Pleket, H. W. (1984) ‘Urban elites and the economy in the Greek cities of the Roman empire’, Münstersche Beiträge zur antiken Handelsgeschichte 3(1): 336.Google Scholar
Pleket, H. W. (1990) ‘Wirtschaft’, in Vittinghoff, F. ed., Europäische Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte in der römischen Kaiserzeit. Handbuch der europäischen Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte. Stuttgart, 25160.Google Scholar
Pleket, H. W. (1998) ‘Political culture and political practice in the cities of Asia Minor in the Roman Empire’, in Schuller, W. ed., Politische Theorie und Praxis im Altertum. Darmstadt, 204–16Google Scholar
Pleket, H. W. (2003) ‘Economy and urbanization: was there an impact of empire in Asia Minor?’, in Schwertheim, E. and Winter, E. eds., Stadt und Stadtentwicklung in Kleinasien. Asia Minor Studien Bd. 50. Bonn, 8595.Google Scholar
Poehler, E. E. (2011) ‘Where to park? Carts, stables, and the economics of transport in Pompeii’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 194214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polignac, F. (1984) La naissance de la cité grecque. Paris.Google Scholar
Pomeranz, K. (2000) The Great Divergence: China, Europe and the making of the modern world economy. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Postan, M. M. (1975) The medieval economy and society. Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Potter, D. S. (2004) The Roman empire at bay, AD 180–395. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, D. S. ed. (2006) A companion to the Roman Empire. Malden, Oxford & Carlton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, T. W. (1979) The changing landscape of South Etruria. London.Google Scholar
Potter, T. W. (1991) ‘Towns and territories in southern Etruria’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 194213.Google Scholar
Prak, M. (2010) ‘The Dutch Republic as a bourgeois society’, BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 125(2–3): 107–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, S. R. F. (1984) Rituals and power: the Roman imperial cult in Asia Minor. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Provost, S. (2001) ‘City walls and urban area in late-antique Macedonia: the case of Philippi’, in Lavan, ed. Recent research in late-antique urbanism. JRA Suppl. 42. Portsmouth, 123–35.Google Scholar
Purcell, N. (2010) ‘Urbanism’, in Barchiesi, A. and Scheidel, W. eds., The Oxford Handbook of Roman Studies. Oxford, 579–92.Google Scholar
Putnam, R. D. (1993) Making democracy work: civic traditions in modern Italy. Princeton.Google Scholar
Putnam, R. D. (2000) Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community. New York.Google Scholar
Quass, F. (1993), Die Honoratiorenschicht in den Städten des griechischen Ostens: Untersuchungen zur politischen und sozialen Entwicklung in hellenistischer und römischer Zeit. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (1983) ‘Democracy, oligarchy and the concept of the “free citizen” in late fifth-century Athens’, Political Theory 11: 517–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (1993) ‘Homer to Solon: the rise of the polis (the written sources)’, in Hansen, ed. The Ancient Greek city-state. Copenhagen, 41105.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (1997) ‘Homeric society’, in Morris, and Powell, eds. A new companion to Homer. Leiden, 624–48.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. (2000) ‘Poets, lawgivers, and the beginnings of political reflection in Archaic Greece’, in Rowe, and Schofield, eds. The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman political thought. Cambridge, 2359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A., Ober, J. and Wallace, R. W. eds. (2007) Origins of democracy in Ancient Greece. Berkeley & Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. and van Wees, H. eds. (2009) A companion to Archaic Greece. Malden & Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raaflaub, K. A. and Wallace, R. W. (2007) ‘“People’s power” and egalitarian trends in Archaic Greece’, in Raaflaub, Ober and Wallace, eds. Origins of democracy in Ancient Greece. Berkeley & Los Angeles, 2248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rapoport, A. (1988) ‘Levels of meaning in the built environment’, in Poyatos, F. ed., Cross-cultural perspectives in nonverbal communication. Toronto, 317–36.Google Scholar
Rapoport, A. (1990) The meaning of the built environment: a nonverbal communications approach. Tucson.Google Scholar
Rapp, C. and Drake, H. A. eds. (2014) The city in the classical and post-classical world: changing contexts of power and identity. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rathbone, D. (1993) ‘The census qualifications of the assidui and the prima classis’, in Sancisi-Weerdenburg, H., Van der Spek, R. J., Teitler, W. C. and Wallinga, H. T. eds., De Agricultura: in memoriam Pieter Willem de Neeve (1945–1990). Amsterdam, 121–52.Google Scholar
Ratté, C. (2001) ‘New research on the urban development of Aphrodisias in late antiquity’, in Parrish, ed. Urbanism in western Asia Minor: new studies on Aphrodisias, Ephesos, Hierapolis, Pergamon, Perge and Xanthos. JRA Suppl. 45. Portsmouth , 117–47.Google Scholar
Reece, R. (1992) ‘The end of the city in Roman Britain’, in Rich, ed. The city in late antiquity. London, 136–44.Google Scholar
Reinhold, M. (2002) ‘Historian of the classical world: a critique of Rostovtzeff’, in Reinhold, M., Studies in classical history and society. Oxford, 82100 [orig. publ. in Science & Society 10(4) 1946: 361–91].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renfrew, C. (1979) ‘Systems collapse as social transformation: catastrophe and anastrophe in Early State Societies’, in Renfrew, C. and Cooke, K. L. eds., Transformations: mathematical approaches to culture change. New York, San Francisco & London, 481506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renfrew, C. (2008) ‘The city through time and space: transformations of centrality’, in Marcus, and Sabloff, eds. The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe, 2951.Google Scholar
Rhodes, P. J. (1995) ‘The “acephalous” polis?’, Historia 44: 153–67.Google Scholar
Rich, J. ed. (1992) The city in late antiquity. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rich, J. and Shipley, G. eds. (1993) War and society in the Greek world. London & New York.Google Scholar
Rich, J. and Wallace-Hadrill, A. eds. (1991) City and country in the ancient world. Leicester-Nottingham Studies in Ancient Society 2. London & New York.Google Scholar
Rickman, G. (1980) The corn supply of Ancient Rome. Oxford.Google Scholar
Robinson, E. W. (1997) The first democracies: early popular government outside Athens. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Robinson, E. W. (2011) Democracy beyond Athens: popular government in the Greek classical age. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, G. M. (1991) The sacred identity of Ephesos: foundation myths of a Roman city. London & New York.Google Scholar
Rogers, G. M. (1992) ‘The assembly of imperial Ephesos’, ZPE 94: 224–8.Google Scholar
Rostovtzeff, M. (1941) The social and economic history of the Hellenistic world. 3 vols. Oxford.Google Scholar
Rostovtzeff, M. (1957) The social and economic history of the Roman empire. 2 vols., 2nd edn. Oxford.Google Scholar
Roueché, C. (1984) ‘Acclamations in the later Roman empire: new evidence from Aphrodisias’, JRS 74: 181–99.Google Scholar
Roueché, C. (1989) Aphrodisias in late antiquity: the late Roman and Byzantine inscriptions including texts from the excavations at Aphrodisias conducted by Kenan T. Erim (with contributions from Reynolds, J. M.). London.Google Scholar
Rowe, C. and Schofield, M. eds. (2000) The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman political thought. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royden, H. L. (1988) The magistrates of the Roman professional collegia in Italy from the first to the third century A.D. Pisa.Google Scholar
Rozman, G. (1978) ‘Urban networks and historical stages’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 9(1): 6591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruffing, K. (2008) Die berufliche Spezialisierung in Handel und Handwerk: Untersuchungen zu ihrer Entwicklung und zu ihren Bedingungen in der römischen Kaiserzeit im östlichen Mittelmeerraum auf der Grundlage griechischer Inschriften und Papyri. Rahden.Google Scholar
Runciman, W. G. (1990) ‘Doomed to extinction: the polis as an evolutionary dead-end’, in Murray, and Price, eds. The Greek city from Homer to Alexander. Oxford, 347–67.Google Scholar
Ruschenbusch, E. (1985) ‘Die Zahl der griechischen Staaten und Arealgrösse und Bürgerzahl der “Normalpolis”’, ZPE 59: 253–63.Google Scholar
Rykwert, J. (1976) The idea of a town: the anthropology of urban form in Rome, Italy and the ancient world. London.Google Scholar
Sallares, R. (1991) The ecology of the Ancient Greek world. London.Google Scholar
Sallares, R. (2002) Malaria and Rome: a history of malaria in Ancient Italy. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saller, R. (1982) Personal patronage under the early Empire. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saller, R. (1994) Patriarchy, property and death in the Roman family. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saller, R. (2002) ‘Framing the debate over growth in the ancient economy’, in Scheidel, and Von Reden, eds. The ancient economy. New York, 251–69.Google Scholar
Salmon, J. (1999) ‘The economic role of the Greek city’, G&R 46(2): 147–67.Google Scholar
Salmon, J. (2001) ‘Temples the measures of men: public building in the Greek economy’, in Mattingly, and Salmon, eds. Economies beyond agriculture in the classical world. London & New York, 195208.Google Scholar
Scheid, J. (1985), ‘Sacrifice et banquet à Rome: quelques problèmes’, Mélanges de l’École française de Rome – Antiquité 97(1): 193206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (1994) ‘Libitina’s bitter gains: seasonal mortality and endemic disease in the ancient city of Rome’, Ancient Society 25: 151–75.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. (1999) ‘Emperors, aristocrats and the Grim Reaper: towards a demographic profile of the Roman élite’, CQ 49: 245–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scheidel, W. (2001) Death on the Nile: disease and the demography of Roman Egypt. Leiden, Boston & Cologne.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2002) ‘A model of demographic and economic change in Roman Egypt after the Antonine plague’, JRA 15: 97114.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2003a) ‘Germs for Rome’, in Edwards, and Woolf, eds. Rome the cosmopolis. Cambridge, 158–76.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2003b) ‘The Greek demographic expansion: models and comparisons’, JHS 123: 120–40.Google ScholarPubMed
Scheidel, W. (2006) ‘Stratification, deprivation and quality of life’, in Atkins, and Osborne, eds. Poverty in the Roman world. Cambridge, 4059.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2007) ‘Demography’, in Scheidel, Morris and Saller, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge, 3886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2008) ‘Roman population size: the logic of the debate’, in De Ligt, and Northwood, eds. People, land, and politics: demographic developments and the transformation of Roman Italy, 300 BC–AD 14. Leiden & Boston, 1770.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. ed. (2009) Rome and China: comparative perspectives on ancient world empires. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. ed. (2012a) The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2012b) ‘Physical well-being’, in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 321–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. (2012c) ‘Roman wellbeing and the economic consequences of the Antonine Plague’, in Lo Cascio, ed. L’impatto della “peste antonina”. Bari, 265–95.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. ed. (2015) State power in Ancient China and Rome. Oxford.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W., Morris, I. and Saller, R. eds. (2007) The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheidel, W. and Friesen, S. J. (2009) ‘The size of the economy and the distribution of income in the Roman empire’, JRS 99: 6191.Google Scholar
Scheidel, W. and Von Reden, S. eds. (2002) The ancient economy. New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitt Pantel, P. (1990) ‘Collective activities and the political in the Greek city’, in Murray, and Price, eds. The Greek city from Homer to Alexander. Oxford, 199213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitt Pantel, P. (1992) La cité au banquet: histoire des repas publics dans les cités grecques. Rome.Google Scholar
Schuler, Ch. (1998) Ländliche Siedlungen und Gemeinden im hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien. Munich.Google Scholar
Schuller, W., Hoepfner, W. and Schwandner, E. L. eds. (1989) Demokratie und Architektur: der hippodamische Städtebau und die Entstehung der Demokratie. Munich.Google Scholar
Schwarz, H. (2001) Soll oder Haben? Die Finanzwirtschaft kleinasiatischer Städte in der römischen Kaiserzeit am Beispiel von Bithynien, Lykien und Ephesos (29 v. Chr. - 284 n. Chr.). Bonn.Google Scholar
Scott, M. (2012) Space and society in the Greek and Roman worlds. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scobie, A. (1986) ‘Slums, sanitation, and mortality in the Roman world’, Klio 68: 399433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scully, S. (1981) ‘The polis in Homer’, Ramus 10: 134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scully, S. (1990) Homer and the sacred city. Ithaca.Google Scholar
Sears, G. (2007) Late Roman African urbanism: continuity and transformation in the city (BAR International Series 1693). Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Serfass, A. (2007) Review of Finn (2006a), BMCR 2007.07.50.Google Scholar
Shapiro, H. A. ed. (2007) The Cambridge companion to Archaic Greece. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharlin, A. (1978) ‘Natural decrease in early modern cities: a reconsideration’, Past & Present 79: 126–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, B. D. (1996) ‘Seasons of death: aspects of mortality in imperial Rome’, JRS 86: 100–38.Google Scholar
Shaw, B. D. (2006) ‘Seasonal mortality in imperial Rome and the Mediterranean: three problem cases’, in Storey, ed. Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa, 86109.Google Scholar
Silver, M. (2009) ‘Glimpses of vertical integration/disintegration in Ancient Rome’, Ancient Society 39: 171–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sjöberg, G. (1960), The preindustrial city: past and present. Glencoe.Google Scholar
Slater, W. (2013) ‘The victor’s return, and the categories of games’, in Martzavou, and Papazarkadas, eds. Epigraphical approaches to the post-Classical polis. Oxford, 139–63.Google Scholar
Small, D. B. (1987) ‘Social correlations to the Greek cavea in the Roman period’, in Macready, S. and Thompson, F. H. eds. Roman architecture in the Greek world. London, 8593.Google Scholar
Smith, C. J. (1996) Early Rome and Latium: economy and society c. 1000–500 B.C. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, C. J. (1997) ‘Servius Tullius, Cleisthenes and the emergence of the polis in Central Italy’, in Mitchell, and Rhodes, eds. The development of the polis in Archaic Greece. London & New York., 208–16.Google Scholar
Smith, C. J. (2005) ‘The beginnings of urbanization in Rome’, in Osborne, and Cunliffe, eds. Mediterranean urbanization 800–600 BC. Proceedings of the British Academy 126. Oxford , 91111.Google Scholar
Smith, C. J. (2011) ‘Thinking about kings’, BICS 54(2): 2142.Google Scholar
Smith, M. E. (2007) ‘Form and meaning in the earliest cities: a new approach to ancient urban planning’, Journal of Planning History 6: 347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, M. E. (2009) ‘V. Gordon Childe and the Urban Revolution: a historical perspective on a revolution in urban studies’, Town Planning Review 80: 329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, M. L., ed. (2003a) The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London.Google Scholar
Smith, M. L. (2003b) ‘Introduction: the social construction of ancient cities’, in Smith, M. L., ed. The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London, 136.Google Scholar
Smith, M. L. (2003c) ‘Early walled cities of the Indian Subcontinent as “Small Worlds”‘, in Smith, M. L. ed. The social construction of ancient cities. Washington DC & London, 269–89.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1974) ‘An historical Homeric society?’, JHS 94: 114–25.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1977) Archaeology and the rise of the Greek state. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1980) Archaic Greece: the age of experiment. Berkeley & Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1991) ‘Archaeology and the study of the Greek city’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 123.Google Scholar
Snodgrass, A. M. (1993) ‘The rise of the polis: the archaeological evidence’, in Hansen, ed. The Ancient Greek city-state. Copenhagen, 30–9.Google Scholar
Sourvinou-Inwood, C. (1990) ‘What is polis religion?’, in Murray, and Price, eds. The Greek city from Homer to Alexander. Oxford, 295322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzl, T. (1984) Lex municipii Malacitani. Munich.Google Scholar
Stambaugh, J. E. (1988) The Ancient Roman city. Baltimore & London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanier, R. S. (1953) ‘The cost of the Parthenon’, JHS 73: 6876.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starr, C. G. (1986) Individual and community: the rise of the polis, 800–500 BC. New York.Google Scholar
Stek, T. D. and Pelgrom, J. eds. (2014) Roman Republican colonization: new perspectives from archaeology and ancient history. Rome.Google Scholar
Storey, R. (1992) Life and death in the ancient city of Teotihuacan: a modern paleodemographic synthesis. Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Storey, G. R. (2006a) ‘Introduction: urban demography of the past’, in Storey, ed. Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa, 123.Google Scholar
Storey, G. R. ed. (2006b) Urbanism in the preindustrial world: cross-cultural approaches. Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Strauss, B. S. (1986) Athens after the Peloponnesian War: class, faction and policy 403–386 B.C. Beckenham.Google Scholar
Strootman, R. (2011) ‘Kings and cities in the Hellenistic age’, in van Nijf, Alston and Williamson, eds. Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven, 141–53.Google Scholar
Strubbe, J. H. M. (1987) ‘The sitonia in the cities of Asia Minor under the Principate (I)’, Epigraphica Anatolica 10: 4582.Google Scholar
Strubbe, J. H. M. (1989) ‘The sitonia in the cities of Asia Minor under the Principate (II)’, Epigraphica Anatolica 13: 97122.Google Scholar
Tacoma, L. E. (2006) Fragile hierarchies: the urban elites of third-century Roman Egypt. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tacoma, L. E. (2008) ‘Graveyards for Rome: migration to the city of Rome in the first two centuries A.D.’ Unpublished working paper, available at http://media.leidenuniv.nl/legacy/graveyards-for-rome.pdf.Google Scholar
Taylor, L. R. (1966) Roman voting assemblies: from the Hannibalic War to the dictatorship of Caesar. Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Thommen, L. (1996) Lakedaimonion politeia: die Entstehung der spartanischen Verfassung. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Tilly, C. (1990) Coercion, capital, and European states, AD 990–1990. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Todd, S. C. (1993) The shape of Athenian law. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomlinson, R. A. (1972) Argos and the Argolid: from the end of the Bronze Age to the Roman occupation. London.Google Scholar
Toner, J. P. (2002) Rethinking Roman history. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Tran, N. (2006) Les membres des associations romaines: le rang social des collegiati en Italie et en Gaules, sous le Haut-Empire. Rome.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treggiari, S. (1969) Roman freedmen during the late Republic. Oxford.Google Scholar
Treggiari, S. (1980) ‘Urban labour in Rome: mercennarii and tabernarii’, in Garnsey, P. ed., Non-slave labour in the Greco-Roman world. Cambridge, 4864.Google Scholar
Trevett, J. (1992) Apollodorus, the son of Pasion. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trexler, R. C. (1980) Public life in renaissance Florence. New York.Google Scholar
Trigger, B. (1972) ‘Determinants of urban growth in pre-industrial society’, in Ucko, , Tringham, and Dimbleby, eds. Man, settlement and urbanism. Cambridge, MA, 575–99.Google Scholar
Trigger, B. (1990) ‘Monumental architecture: a thermodynamic explanation of symbolic behaviour’, World Archaeology 22: 119–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trigger, B. (2003) Understanding early civilizations. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trümper, M. (2011) ‘Where the non-Delians met in Delos: the meeting-places of foreign associations and ethnic communities in late Hellenistic Delos’, in van Nijf, Alston and Williamson, eds. Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven, 49100.Google Scholar
Tscherikower, V. (1927) Die hellenistischen Städtegründungen von Alexander dem Grossen bis auf die Römerzeit. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Ucko, P. J., Tringham, R. and Dimbleby, G. W. eds. (1972) Man, settlement and urbanism. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Valdés Guía, M. and Gallego, J. (2010) ‘Athenian zeugitai and the Solonian census classes: new reflections and perspectives’, Historia 59(3): 257–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Andel, T. H. and Runnels, C. (1987) Beyond the Acropolis: a rural Greek past. Stanford.Google Scholar
Vandevoorde, L. (2013) ‘Respectability on display: alba and fasti of the *Augustales in the context of collegial and magisterial hierarchy’, Revue Belge de Philologie et d’Histoire 91(1): 127–52.Google Scholar
van Nes, A. (2011) ‘Measuring spatial visibility, adjacency, permeability, and degrees of street life in Pompeii’, in Laurence, and Newsome, eds. Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: movement and space. Oxford, 100–17.Google Scholar
van Nijf, O. M. (1997) The civic world of professional associations in the Roman east. Amsterdam.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Nijf, O. M. (2000) ‘Inscriptions and civic memory in the Roman East’, in Cooley, A. ed. The afterlife of inscriptions: reusing, rediscovering, reinventing & revitalizing ancient inscriptions. BICS 44 (Suppl. 75). London, 2136.Google Scholar
van Nijf, O. M. (2011) ‘Public space and the political culture of Roman Termessos’, in van Nijf, Alston and Williamson, eds. Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven, 215–42.Google Scholar
van Nijf, O. M., Alston, R. and Williamson, C. G. eds. (2011) Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven.Google Scholar
van Zanden, J. L. and Prak, M. (2006) ‘Towards an economic interpretation of citizenship: the Dutch Republic between medieval communes and modern nation-states’, European Review of Economic History 10: 111–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verboven, K. (2007) ‘The associative order: status and ethos among Roman businessmen in Late Republic and Early Empire’, Athenaeum 95: 861–93.Google Scholar
Verboven, K. (2009) ‘Magistrates, patrons and benefactors of collegia: status building and romanisation in the Spanish, Gallic and German provinces’, in Antela-Bernárdez, B. and Ñaco del Hoyo, T. (eds.) Transforming historical landscapes in the ancient empires. BAR Int. Ser. 1986. Oxford, 159–67.Google Scholar
Verboven, K. (2011) ‘Professional collegia: guilds or social clubs?’, Ancient Society 41: 187–95.Google Scholar
Veyne, P. (1976) Le pain et le cirque: sociologie historique d’un pluralisme politique. Paris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veyne, P. (2000) ‘La “plèbe moyenne” sous le Haut-Empire romain’, Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 55: 1169–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vlassopoulos, K. (2007a) Unthinking the Greek polis: Ancient Greek history beyond Eurocentrism. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vlassopoulos, K. (2007b) ‘Free spaces: identity, experience and democracy in Classical Athens’, CQ 57(1): 3352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Von Reden, S. (2003) Exchange in Ancient Greece. London.Google Scholar
Von Reden, S. (2007) ‘Classical Greece: consumption’, in Scheidel, Morris and Saller, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge, 385406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Von Thünen, J. H. (1930) Der isolierte Staat in Beziehung auf Landwirtschaft und Nationalökonomie. Jena.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1990) ‘The social spread of Roman luxury: sampling Pompeii and Herculaneum’, PBSR 58: 145–92.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1991) ‘Elites and trade in the Roman town’, in Rich, and Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the ancient world. New York & London, 244–77.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1994) Houses and society in Pompeii and Herculaneum. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (2013) ‘Trying to define and identify the Roman “middle classes”’, JRA 26: 605–9.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, J. B. (1984) From Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages: urban public building in Northern and Central Italy AD 300–850. Oxford.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, B. (1998) ‘The cities’, in Cameron, A. and Garnsey, P. eds., The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 13. The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. 2nd edn. Cambridge, 371410.Google Scholar
Ward-Perkins, B. (2005) The fall of Rome and the end of civilization. Oxford.Google Scholar
Weaver, P. R. C. (1972) Familia Caesaris: a social study of the emperor’s freedmen and slaves. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, M. (1958) The city. New York.Google Scholar
Weber, M. (1972) Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Grundriss der verstehenden Soziologie. 5. Auflage. Tübingen = (1978) Economy and society. Ed. Roth, G. and Wittich, C.. 2 vols. Berkeley, Los Angeles & London.Google Scholar
Wells, B. ed. (1992). Agriculture in Ancient Greece. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium, Swedish Institute at Athens. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Whitby, M. (2006) ‘Factions, bishops, violence and urban decline’, in Krause, and Witschel, eds. Die Stadt in der Spätantike – Niedergang oder Wandel? Stuttgart, 441–61.Google Scholar
Whitehead, D. (1977) The ideology of the Athenian metic. PCPhS Suppl. 2. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Whitehead, D. (1986) The demes of Attica, 508/7–ca. 250 B.C.: a political and social study. Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittaker, C. R. (1990) ‘The consumer city revisited: the vicus and the city’, JRA 3: 110–8.Google Scholar
Whittaker, C. R. and Garnsey, P. (1998) ‘Rural life in the later Roman empire’, in Cameron, A. and Garnsey, P. eds., The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 13. The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. 2nd edn. Cambridge, 277311.Google Scholar
Whittow, M. (1990) ‘Ruling the late Roman and early Byzantine city: a continuous history’, Past & Present 129: 329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittow, M. (1996) The making of orthodox Byzantium, 600–1025. Basingstoke.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittow, M. (2001) ‘Recent research on the late-antique city in Asia Minor: the second half of the 6th c. revisited’, in Lavan, ed. Recent research in late-antique urbanism. JRA Suppl. 42. Portsmouth, 137–53.Google Scholar
Wickham, C. (2005) Framing the early Middle Ages: Europe and the Mediterranean, 400–800. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wijma, S. (2010) Joining the Athenian community: the participation of metics in Athenian polis religion in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Unpub. PhD Thesis, Utrecht.Google Scholar
Wijma, S. (2014) Embracing the immigrant: the participation of metics in Athenian polis religion (5th–4th century BC). Stuttgart.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, A. (2011) ‘City sizes and urbanization in the Roman empire’, in Bowman, and Wilson, eds. Settlement, urbanization, and population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford, 161–95.Google Scholar
Wilson, A.Raw materials and energy’ in Scheidel, ed. The Cambridge companion to the Roman economy. Cambridge, 133–55.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. (2000) The Athenian institution of the Khoregia: the chorus, the city, and the stage. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wisseman Christie, J. (1991) ‘States without cities: demographic trends in early Java’, Indonesia 52: 2340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witcher, R. (2008) ‘Regional field survey and the demography of Roman Italy’, in De Ligt, and Northwood, eds. People, land, and politics: demographic developments and the transformation of Roman Italy, 300 BC–AD 14. Leiden & Boston, 273303.Google Scholar
Woolf, G. (1997) ‘The Roman urbanization of the East’, in Alcock, S. E. ed., The early Roman Empire in the East. Oxbow Monographs 95. Oxford, 114.Google Scholar
Wrigley, E. A. (1967) ‘A simple model of London’s importance in changing English society and economy 1650–1750’, Past & Present 37: 4470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrigley, E. A. (1990) Continuity, chance and change: the character of the Industrial Revolution in England. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wycherley, R. E. (1949) How the Greeks built cities. London [2nd edn. 1962].Google Scholar
Wycherley, R. E. (1956) ‘The market of Athens: topography and monuments’, G&R 3(1): 223.Google Scholar
Yakobson, A. (1999) Elections and electioneering in Rome: a study in the political system of the late Republic. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Yavetz, Z. (1958) ‘The living conditions of the urban plebs in Republican Rome’, Latomus 17: 500–17.Google Scholar
Yavetz, Z. (1969) Plebs and princeps. Oxford.Google Scholar
Zanker, P. (1990) The power of images in the age of Augustus. Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Zeder, M. A. (1991) Feeding cities. Washington.Google Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2007) ‘The ambiguity of munificence’, Historia 56: 196213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2008a) ‘On the political sociology of the imperial Greek city’, GRBS 48: 417–45.Google Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2008b) ‘Feeding the citizens: municipal grain funds and civic benefactors in the Roman East’, in Alston, and van Nijf, eds. Feeding the Ancient Greek city. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 1. Leuven, 159180.Google Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2009a) The politics of munificence in the Roman empire: citizens, elites and benefactors in Asia Minor. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2009b) ‘Government centralization in late second and third century A.D. Asia Minor: a working hypothesis’, CW 103(1): 3951.Google Scholar
Zuiderhoek, A. (2011) ‘Oligarchs and benefactors: elite demography and euergetism in the Greek east of the Roman empire’, in van Nijf, , Alston, and Williamson, eds. Political culture in the Greek city after the classical age. Groningen-Royal Holloway Studies on the Greek City after the Classical Age 2. Leuven, 185–95.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Arjan Zuiderhoek, Universiteit Gent, Belgium
  • Book: The Ancient City
  • Online publication: 10 November 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979224.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Arjan Zuiderhoek, Universiteit Gent, Belgium
  • Book: The Ancient City
  • Online publication: 10 November 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979224.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Arjan Zuiderhoek, Universiteit Gent, Belgium
  • Book: The Ancient City
  • Online publication: 10 November 2016
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979224.012
Available formats
×