You will need to declare any random factors and covariates as such. For balanced designs you may have an option to use the restricted form of the model (see page 242).

For a fully replicated design, most packages will give you all main effects and their interactions if you request the model in its abbreviated form. For example, the design Y = C|B|A+ε (model 3.2) can be requested as: ‘C|B|A’. Where a model has nested factors, you may need to request it with expansion of the nesting. For example the design Y = C|B′(A)+ε (model 3.3) is requested with ‘C|A+C|B(A)’.

Repeated-measures and unreplicated designs have no true residual variation. The package may require residual variation nevertheless, in which case declare all the terms except the highest-order term (always the last row with non-zero d.f. in the ANOVA tables in this book). For example, for the design Y = B|S′(A) (model 6.3) request: ‘B|A+B|S(A)–B*S(A)’, and the package will take the residual from the subtracted term. Likewise, for the design Y = S′|A (model 4.1) request: ‘S|A–S*A’, and the package will take the residual from the subtracted term; or equally, request ‘ A+ S’, and the package will take the residual from the one remaining undeclared term: S*A.