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T to U - T-Carrier to URL (Uniform resource locator)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2010

Robert Plant
Affiliation:
University of Miami
Stephen Murrell
Affiliation:
University of Miami
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Summary

Foundation concepts: Network, Bandwidth.

Definition: T-Carrier is the generic name for digital high-speed data-transmission lines more specifically known in the United States as T-1, T-2, etc.

Overview

The basis of the T-Carrier system is the digital Channel, designated DS0 or T-0. A single DS0 channel has a capacity or Bandwidth of 64 kbps (64 000 bits per second), which is the amount of carrying capacity that Bell Labs originally defined as necessary to carry a digitized voice signal over their network. Originally, the name T-1 was used for a digital transmission channel with a bandwidth of 1544 kbps that carried 24 separate DS0 channels together with one 8 kbps channel for system-related information. Now the technology may be slightly different, and T-1 has become a less specific name for any 1544 kbps digital carrier. Similar names (T-2, T-3, etc.) are used for higher-bandwidth carriers:

  1. a T-1 line is equivalent to 24 channels or 1.544 Mbps,

  2. a T-2 line is equivalent to 96 channels or 6.312 Mbps,

  3. a T-3 line is equivalent to 672 channels or 44.74 Mbps,

  4. a T-4 line is equivalent to 4032 channels or 274.2 Mbps, and

  5. a T-5 line is equivalent to 5760 channels or 400.3 Mbps.

although it is not common to hear of anything other than T-1 and T-3. In Japan, exactly the same system is used, except with the letter J instead of T. Originally T-lines were made of copper wire, and the designation FT was used for fiber optics, but now the distinction is often ignored.

Type
Chapter
Information
An Executive's Guide to Information Technology
Principles, Business Models, and Terminology
, pp. 315 - 328
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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References

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Associated terminology: ISP.
Stevens, W. R. (1994). TCP/IP Illustrated (New York, Addison-Wesley).
Associated terminology: Internet protocol.
Stevens, W. R. (1994). TCP/IP Illustrated (New York, Addison-Wesley).
Peterson, L. and Davie, B. (2003). Computer Networks: A Systems Approach (San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann).Google Scholar
Associated terminology: Protocol, Internet.
Bernstein, P. and Newcomer, E. (1997). Principles of Transaction Processing (San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann).Google Scholar
Transaction Processing Performance Council, Presidio of San Francisco, Building 572B, Ruger St., San Francisco, CA 94129-0920, USA.
Associated terminology: Batch processing, ERP.
Egan, M. and Mather, T. (2004). The Executive Guide to Information Security: Threats, Challenges, and Solutions (New York, Addison-Wesley).Google Scholar
Szor, P. (2005). The Art of Computer Virus Research and Defense (New York, Addison-Wesley).Google Scholar
Associated terminology: Virus, Spyware.
Booch, G., Rumbaugh, J., and Jacobson, I. (2005). Unified Modeling Language User Guide (New York, Addison-Wesley).Google Scholar
Fowler, M. and Scott, K. (1999). UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language (New York, Addison-Wesley).
Rumbaugh, J., Jacobson, I., and Booch, G. (1999). The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual (New York, Addison-Wesley).Google Scholar
Glass, G. (1993). Unix for Programmers and Users (Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall).Google Scholar
http://www.freebsd.org.
http://www.linux.org.
Associated terminology: Open-source software.
Gralla, P. (2004). How the Internet Works (Indianapolis, IN, Que).Google Scholar
Gourley, D. and B. Totty (2002). HTTP, the Definitive Guide (Sebastopol, CA, O'Reilly Press).
http://www.w3c.org.
Associated terminology: Internet, Host, Hypertext.

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