Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T06:52:54.720Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 9 - Relations between Alexithymia and Depressive and Anxiety Disorders and Personality

from Part III - Clinical Issues and Somatic and Psychiatric Pathology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2018

Olivier Luminet
Affiliation:
Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
R. Michael Bagby
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
Graeme J. Taylor
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Alexithymia
Advances in Research, Theory, and Clinical Practice
, pp. 142 - 157
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alpaslan, A.H., Soylu, N., Avci, K., et al. (2015). Disordered eating attitudes, alexithymia and suicide probability among Turkish high school girls. Psychiatry Research, 226, 224229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Bagby, R.M., Parker, J.D., and Taylor, G.J. (1994). The Twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale – I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 2332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bagby, R.M. and Taylor, G.J. (1997). Affect dysregulation and alexithymia. In Taylor, G.J., Bagby, R.M., and Parker, J.D.A. (Eds.), Disorders of Affect Regulation. Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bagby, R.M., Taylor, G.J., Parker, J.D.A., et al. (2006). The development of the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia: Item selection, factor structure, reliability and concurrent validity. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75, 2539.Google Scholar
Bankier, B., Aigner, M., and Bach, M. (2001). Alexithymia in DSM-IV disorder: Comparative evaluation of somatoform disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression. Psychosomatics, 42, 235240.Google Scholar
Beck, A.T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, Experimental, and Theoretical Aspects. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Beck, A., Kovacs, M., and Weissman, A. (1979). Assessment of suicidal ideation: The Scale for Suicide Ideation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 343352.Google Scholar
Beck, A.T., Ward, C.H., Mendelson, M., et al. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berenson, K.R., Dochat, C., Martin, C.G., et al. (2016). Identification of mental states and interpersonal functioning in borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9, 172181.Google Scholar
Berglund, S., Astrom, S., and Lindgren, B.M. (2016). Patients’ experiences after attempted suicide: A literature review. Issues of Mental Health Nursing, 37, 715726.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blatt, S.J. (1974). Levels of object representations in anaclitic and introjective depression. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 24, 107157.Google Scholar
Carano, A., De Berardis, D., Campanella, D., et al. (2012). Alexithymia and suicide ideation in a sample of patients with binge eating disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 18, 511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Celikel, F.C., Kose, S., Erkorkmaz, U., et al. (2010). Alexithymia and temperament character model of personality in patients with major depressive disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 51, 6470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Conrad, R., Wegener, I., Imbierowicz, K., et al. (2009). Alexithymia, temperament and character as predictors of psychopathology in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Research, 165, 3744.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Costa, P.T. and McCrae, R.R. (1987). Personality assessment in psychosomatic medicine. Advances in Psychosomatic Medicine, 17, 7182.Google Scholar
Dalbudak, E., Evren, C., Aldemir, S., et al. (2013). Alexithymia and personality in relation to social anxiety among university students. Psychiatry Research, 209, 167172.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Campanella, D., Gambi, F., et al. (2005). Insight and alexithymia in adult outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 255, 350358.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Campanella, D., Gambi, F., et al. (2007). Alexithymia, fear of bodily sensations, and somatosensory amplification in young outpatients with panic disorder. Psychosomatics, 48, 239246.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Campanella, D., and Serroni, N. (2008a). The impact of alexithymia on anxiety disorders: A review of the literature. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 4, 8086.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Campanella, D., Serroni, N., et al. (2013). Alexithymia, suicide risk and serum lipid levels among adult outpatients with panic disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54, 517522.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D. and Di Giannantonio, M. (2010). Alessitimia (I parte): Noos, Aggiornamenti in Psichiatria. Rome: Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Campanella, D., et al. (2008b). Suicide risk among patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: The role of alexithymia and insight. Giornale Italiano Di Psicopatalogia, 14, 185196.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Campanella, D., et al. (2008c). Alexithymia and its relationships with C-reactive protein and serum lipid levels among drug naive adult outpatients with major depression. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 32, 19821986.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Campanella, D., et al. (2015). Alexithymia, responsibility attitudes and suicide ideation among outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: An exploratory study. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 58, 8287.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Campanella, D., et al. (2017). Alexithymia, suicide ideation, C-reactive protein, and serum lipid levels among outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Archives of Suicide Research, 21, 100112.Google Scholar
De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Marini, S., et al. (2014). Alexithymia, suicidal ideation, and serum lipid levels among drug-naive outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 36, 125130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Rick, A. and Vanheule, S. (2007). Alexithymia and DSM-IV personality disorder traits in alcoholic inpatients: A study of the relation between both constructs. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 119129.Google Scholar
Desmet, M. (2013). Some preliminary notes on an empirical test of Freud’s theory on depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duddu, V., Isaac, M.K., and Chaturvedi, S.K. (2003). Alexithymia in somatoform and depressive disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 54, 435438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edel, M.-A., Rudel, A., Hubert, C., et al. (2010). Alexithymia, emotion processing and social anxiety in adults with ADHD. European Journal of Medical Research, 15, 403409.Google Scholar
Evren, C., Cinar, O., and Evren, B. (2012). Relationship of alexithymia and dissociation with severity of borderline personality features in male substance-dependent inpatients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53, 854859.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evren, C., Dalbudak, E., Cetin, R., et al. (2010). Relationship of alexithymia and temperament and character dimensions with lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder in male alcohol-dependent inpatients. Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 64, 111119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evren, C. and Evren, B. 2005. Self-mutilation in substance-dependent patients and relationship with childhood abuse and neglect, alexithymia and temperament and character dimensions of personality. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 80, 1522.Google Scholar
Evren, C., Evren, B., Dalbudak, E., et al. (2009). Childhood abuse and neglect as a risk factor for alexithymia in adult male substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 41, 8592.Google Scholar
Franz, M., Popp, K., Schaefer, R., et al. (2008). Alexithymia in the German general population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43, 5462.Google Scholar
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, vol. 14, pp. 237260. London: Hogarth Press.Google Scholar
Fukunishi, I., Kikuchi, M., Wogan, J., et al. (1997). Secondary alexithymia as a state reaction in panic disorder and social phobia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 38, 166170.Google Scholar
Gaher, R.M., Hofman, N.L., Simons, J.S., et al. (2013). Emotion regulation deficits as mediators between trauma exposure and borderline symptoms. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37, 466475.Google Scholar
Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Catarino, F., et al. (2014). Fears of happiness and compassion in relationship with depression, alexithymia, and attachment security in a depressed sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53, 228244.Google Scholar
Gorton, H.C., Webb, R.T., Kapur, N., et al. (2016). Non-psychotropic medication and risk of suicide or attempted suicide: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 6, e009074.Google Scholar
Grabe, H.J., Frommer, J., Ankerhold, A., et al. (2008). Alexithymia and outcome in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 77, 189194.Google Scholar
Guilbaund, O., Corcos, M., Hjalmarsson, L., et al. (2003). Is there a psychoneuroimmunological pathway between alexithymia and immunity? Immune and physiological correlates of alexithymia. BioMedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 57, 292295.Google Scholar
Gulec, M.Y., Altintas, M., Inanc, L., et al. (2013). Effects of childhood trauma on somatization in major depressive disorder: The role of alexithymia. Journal of Affective Disorders, 146, 137141.Google Scholar
Gulec, M.Y., Ynanc, L., Yanartathorn, O., et al. (2014). Predictors of suicide in patients with conversion disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55, 457462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gunther, V., Rufer, M., Kersting, A., et al. (2016). Predicting symptoms in major depression after inpatient treatment: The role of alexithymia. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 70, 392398.Google Scholar
Haatainen, K., Tanskanen, A., Kylma, J., et al. (2004). Factors associated with hopelessness: A population study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 50, 142152.Google Scholar
Haviland, M.G., MacMurray, J.P., and Cummings, M.A. (1988). The relationship between alexithymia and depressive symptoms in a sample of newly abstinent alcoholic inpatients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 49, 3740.Google Scholar
Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., et al. (2004). Alexithymia and suicidal ideation: A 12-month follow-up study in a general population. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 45, 340345.Google Scholar
Hirsch, N., Hautekeete, M., and Kochman, F. (2001). Early maladaptive processes, depression and alexithymia in suicidal adolescents. L’Encephale, 27, 6170.Google Scholar
Honkalampi, K., Hintikka, J., Antikainen, R., et al. (2001). Alexithymia and depression: A prospective study of patients with major depressive disorder. Psychosomatics, 42, 229234.Google Scholar
Honkalampi, K., Hintikka, J., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., et al. (2007). Long-term alexithymic features indicate poor recovery from depression and psychopathology. A six-year follow-up. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 312314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Honkalampi, K., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Lehto, S.M., et al. (2010). Is alexithymia a risk factor for major depression, personality disorder, or alcohol use disorders? A prospective population-based study. Journal of Psychosomatics Research, 68, 269273.Google Scholar
Honkalampi, K., Lehto, S.M., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., et al. (2011). Alexithymia and tissue inflammation. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 80, 359364.Google Scholar
Huen, J.M., Ip, B.Y., Ho, S.M., et al. (2015). Hope and hopelessness: The role of hope in buffering the impact of hopelessness on suicidal ideation. PLoS One, 10, e0130073.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Izci, F., Gultekin, B.K., Saglam, S., et al. (2014). Temperament, character traits, and alexithymia in patients with panic disorder. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 879885.Google Scholar
Kampfer, N., Staufenbiel, S., Wegener, I., et al. (2016). Suicidality in patients with somatoform disorder – the speechless expression of anger? Psychiatry Research, 246, 485491.Google Scholar
Karukivi, M., Hautala, L., Kaleva, O., et al. (2010). Alexithymia is associated with anxiety among adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 125, 383387.Google Scholar
Karukivi, M., Vahlberg, T., Pölönen, T., et al. (2014). Does alexithymia expose to mental disorder symptoms in late adolescence? A 4-year follow-up study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 36, 748752.Google Scholar
Kauhanen, J., Kaplan, G.A., Cohen, R.D., et al. (1996). Alexithymia and risk of death in middle-aged men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 41, 541549.Google Scholar
Kealy, D., Ogrodniczuk, J.S., Rice, S.M., et al. (2017). Alexithymia, suicidal ideation and health-risk behaviours: A survey of Canadian men. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 22, 7779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keefer, K.V., Taylor, G.J., Parker, J.D., et al. (2017). Taxometric analysis of the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia: Further evidence that alexithymia is a dimensional construct. Assessment. Online release March 27, 2017.Google Scholar
Kessler, R.C., Sampson, N.A., Berglund, P., et al. (2015). Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Epidemiology and Psychiatry Sciences, 24, 210226.Google Scholar
Kim, H., Seo, J., Namkoong, K., et al. (2016). Alexithymia and perfectionism traits are associated with suicidal risk in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 192, 5055.Google Scholar
Kim, J.H., Lee, S.J., Rim, H.D., et al. (2008). The relationship between alexithymia and general symptoms of patients with depressive disorders. Psychiatry Investigation, 5, 179185.Google Scholar
Kojima, M. (2012). Alexithymia as a prognostic risk factor for health problems: A brief review of epidemiological studies. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 6, 21.Google Scholar
Krystal, H. (1988). Integration and Self-healing. Affect, Trauma, Alexithymia. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.Google Scholar
Kusevic, Z., Cusa, B.V., Babic, G., et al. (2015). Could alexithymia predict suicide attempts – a study of Croatian war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder? Psychiatric Danub, 27, 420423.Google Scholar
Lane, R.D., Sechrest, L., and Reidel, R. (1998). Sociodemographic correlates of alexithymia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 39, 377385.Google Scholar
Lane, R.D., Sechrest, L., Riedel, R., et al. (2000). Pervasive emotion recognition deficit common to alexithymia and the repressive coping style. Psychosomatic Medicine, 62, 492501.Google Scholar
Lane, R.D., Weihs, K.L., Herring, A., et al. (2015). Affective agnosia: Expansion of the alexithymia construct and a new opportunity to integrate and extend Freud’s legacy. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 55, 594611.Google Scholar
Lester, D. (1991). Alexithymia, depression, and suicidal preoccupation. Perceptual and Motoric Skills, 72 (3 Pt 1), 1058.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leweke, F., Leichsenring, F., Kruse, J., et al. (2012). Is alexithymia associated with specific mental disorders? Psychopathology, 45, 2228.Google Scholar
Li, S., Zhang, B., Guo, Y., et al. (2015). The association between alexithymia as assessed by the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and depression: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research, 227, 19.Google Scholar
Loas, G., Dalleau, E., Lecointe, H., et al. (2016). Relationships between anhedonia, alexithymia, impulsivity, suicidal ideation, recent suicide attempt, C-reactive protein and serum lipid levels among 122 inpatients with mood or anxious disorders. Psychiatry Research, 246, 296302.Google Scholar
Luka, M., Luca, A., and Calandra, C. (2013). Psychomotor retardation and externally oriented thinking in major depression. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 9, 759766.Google Scholar
Luminet, O., Bagby, R.M., and Taylor, G.J. (2001). An evaluation of the absolute and relative stability of alexithymia in patients with major depression. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 70, 254260.Google Scholar
Luminet, O., Rokbani, L., Ogez, D., et al. (2007). An evaluation of the absolute and relative stability of alexithymia in women with breast cancer. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 62, 641648.Google Scholar
Lumley, M.A. (2000). Alexithymia and negative emotional conditions. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 5154.Google Scholar
Marasco, V., De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., et al. (2011). [Alexithymia and suicide risk among patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary findings of a cross-sectional study]. Rivista di Psichiatria, 46, 3137.Google ScholarPubMed
Marchesi, C., Brusamonti, E., and Maggini, C. (2000). Are alexithymia, depression, and anxiety distinct constructs in affective disorders? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 4349.Google Scholar
Marchesi, C., Fontò, S., Cimmino, C., et al. (2005). Relationship between alexithymia and panic disorder: A longitudinal study to answer an open question. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 74, 5660.Google Scholar
Marchesi, C., Giaracuni, G., Paraggio, C., et al. (2014a). Pre-morbid alexithymia in panic disorder: A cohort study. Psychiatry Research, 215, 141145.Google Scholar
Marchesi, C., Ossola, P., Tonna, M., et al. (2014b). The TAS-20 more likely measures negative affects rather than alexithymia itself in patients with major depression, panic disorder, eating disorders and substance use disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55, 972978.Google Scholar
Mattila, A.K., Kronholm, E., Jula, A., et al. (2008). Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70, 716722.Google Scholar
New, A.S., aan het Rot, M., Ripoll, L.H., et al. (2012). Empathy and alexithymia in borderline personality disorder: Clinical and laboratory measures. Journal of Personality Disorders, 26, 660675.Google Scholar
Ogrodniczuk, J.S., Sochting, I., Piper, W.E., et al. (2012). A naturalistic study of alexithymia among psychiatric outpatients treated in an integrated group therapy program. Psychology and Psychotherapy, 85, 278291.Google Scholar
Onur, E., Alkın, T., Sheridan, M.J., et al. (2013). Alexithymia and emotional intelligence in patients with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly, 84, 303311.Google Scholar
Özsahin, A., Uzun, O., Cansever, A., et al. (2003). The effect of alexithymic features on response to antidepressant medication in patients with major depression. Depression and Anxiety, 18, 6266.Google Scholar
Park, J., Jun, J.Y., Lee, Y.J., et al. (2015). The association between alexithymia and posttraumatic stress symptoms following multiple exposures to traumatic events in North Korean refugees. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 78, 7781.Google Scholar
Parker, J.D.A., Bagby, R.M., and Taylor, G.J. (1991). Alexithymia and depression: Distinct or overlapping constructs? Comprehensive Psychiatry, 32, 387394.Google Scholar
Parker, J.D.A., Keefer, K.V., Taylor, G.J., et al. (2008). Latent structure of the alexithymia construct: A taxometric investigation. Psychological Assessment, 20, 385396.Google Scholar
Reis, S. and Grenyer, F.S. (2002). Pathways to anaclitic and introjective depression. Psychology and Psychotherapy. Theory, Research and Practice, 75, 445459.Google Scholar
Roberts, B.W. and DelVecchio, W.F. (2000). The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 26, 325.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, N., Rufer, M., Lichev, V., et al. (2016). Observer-rated alexithymia and its relationship with the five-factor-model of personality. Psychologica Belgica, 56, 118134.Google Scholar
Ross, C.A. (2015). Trauma and aggression in the DSM-5. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, and Trauma, 24, 484486.Google Scholar
Rufer, M., Albrecht, R., Zaum, J., et al. (2010). Impact of alexithymia on treatment outcome: A naturalistic study of short-term cognitive-behavioral group therapy for panic disorder. Psychopathology, 43, 170179.Google Scholar
Rufer, M., Moergeli, H., Moritz, S., et al. (2014). Alexithymia and non-treatment: An Internet based study of 312 people with chronic anxiety. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55, 179187.Google Scholar
Saarijarvi, S., Salminen, J.K., and Toikka, T.B. (2001). Alexithymia and depression: A 1-year follow-up study in outpatients with major depression. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51, 729733.Google Scholar
Saarijärvi, S., Salminen, J.K., and Toikka, T. (2006). Temporal stability of alexithymia over a five-year period in outpatients with major depression. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75, 107112.Google Scholar
Sakuraba, S., Kubo, M., Komoda, T., et al. (2005). Suicidal ideation and alexithymia in patients with alcoholism: A pilot study. Substance Use and Misuse, 40, 823830.Google Scholar
Sayar, K., Kirmayer, L.J., and Taillefer, S.S. (2003). Predictors of somatic symptoms in depressive disorder. General Hospital Psychiatry, 25, 108114.Google Scholar
Serafini, G., Gonda, X., Canepa, G., et al. (2016). Extreme sensory processing patterns show a complex association with depression, and impulsivity, alexithymia, and hopelessness. Journal of Affective Disorders, 210, 249257.Google Scholar
Sifneos, P.E. (1987). Anhedonia and alexithymia: A potential correlation? In Clark, D.C. and Fawcett, J. (Eds.), Anhedonia and Affect Deficit States, pp. 119127. New York: PMA Publishing Corp.Google Scholar
Sondergaard, H.P. and Theorell, T. (2004). Alexithymia, emotions and PTSD: Findings from a longitudinal study of refugees. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 58, 185191.Google Scholar
Subic-Wrana, C., Bruder, S., Thomas, W., et al. (2005). Emotional awareness deficits in inpatients of a psychosomatic ward: A comparison of two different measures of alexithymia. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 483489.Google Scholar
Taiminen, T.J., Saarijarvi, S., Helenius, H., et al. (1996). Alexithymia in suicide attempters. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinivica, 93, 195198.Google Scholar
Taylor, G.J. (2000). Recent developments in alexithymia theory and research. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 45, 134142.Google Scholar
Taylor, G.J. and Bagby, M. (2004). New trends in alexithymia research. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 73, 6877.Google Scholar
Taylor, G.J. and Bagby, R.M. (2012). The alexithymia personality dimension. In Widiger, T.A. and Costa, P.T. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Personality Disorders, pp. 648673. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, G.J. and Bagby, R.M. (2013). Alexithymia and the five-factor model of personality. In Widiger, T.A. and Costa, P.T. (Eds.), Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model, pp. 193207. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Taylor, G.J., Bagby, R.M., and Parker, J.D.A. (1997). Disorders of Affect Regulation: Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Taylor, G.J., Bagby, R.M., and Parker, J.D.A. (2016). What’s in the name “alexithymia”? A commentary on “Affective agnosia: Expansion of the alexithymia construct and a new opportunity to integrate and extend Freud’s legacy”. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 68, 10061020.Google Scholar
Terock, J., Janowitz, D., Spitzer, C., et al. (2015). Alexithymia and self-directedness as predictors of psychopathology and psychotherapeutic treatment outcome. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 62, 3441.Google Scholar
Terock, J., Van der Auwera, S., Janowitz, D., et al. (2016). From childhood trauma to adult dissociation: The role of PTSD and alexithymia. Psychopathology, 49, 374382.Google Scholar
Tolmunen, T., Heliste, M., Lehto, S.M., et al. (2011). Stability of alexithymia in the general population: An 11-year follow-up. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 52, 536541.Google Scholar
Turk, C.L., Heimberg, R.G., Luterek, J.A., et al. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 89106.Google Scholar
Ueno, M., Maeda, M., and Komaki, G. (2014). Different subgroups of high-scorers on the TAS-20 based on the big five personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 68, 7176.Google Scholar
Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., and Verhaeghe, P. (2007). Alexithymic depression: Evidence for a depression subtype. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 315316.Google Scholar
Vorst, H.C.M. and Bermond, B. (2001). Validity and reliability of the Bermond–Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 413434.Google Scholar
Yehuda, R., Steiner, A., Kahana, B., et al. (1997). Alexithymia in Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10, 93100.Google Scholar
Zlotnick, C., Mattia, J.I., and Zimmerman, M. (2001). The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder, childhood trauma and alexithymia in an outpatient sample. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14, 177188.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×