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8 - Libya 2011: Hollow Victory in Low-Cost Air War

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2021

Phil Haun
Affiliation:
US Naval War College
Colin Jackson
Affiliation:
US Naval War College
Tim Schultz
Affiliation:
US Naval War College
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Summary

In 2011, the Arab Spring led to numerous uprisings against authoritarian leaders across the Middle East. While the reactions of governments varied, Libya sparked the most interest given its notoriety as a pariah state and Colonel Qaddafi’s provocations against the regime’s domestic enemies. This chapter examines how the anti-Qaddafi coalition formed under the guise of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and how the imposition of a no-fly zone to protect civilians slowly transitioned into a mission to destroy pro-Qaddafi forces while defending rebel positions. Momentum shifted as anti-regime forces developed innovative ways of communicating with NATO air forces, which provided more precise targeting. However, the downfall of Qaddafi – aided by air power – was a short-lived victory as the country fragmented along numerous political and tribal lines, with a full-blown civil war reigniting in 2014. To this day, numerous countries are backing different rebels that claim to represent the Libyan government.

Type
Chapter
Information
Air Power in the Age of Primacy
Air Warfare since the Cold War
, pp. 177 - 200
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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