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3 - Tyndall, Lewes and Popular Representations of Scientific Authority in Victorian Britain

from Part I - John Tyndall

Jeremiah Rankin
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Ruth Barton
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Bernard Lightman
Affiliation:
York University
Michael S. Reidy
Affiliation:
Montana State University
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Summary

Dr. Tyndall has, in fact, martyred his scientific authority by deservedly winning distinction in the popular field. One learns too late that he cannot ‘make the best of both worlds’.

P. G. Tait, Nature, 1873

Mr. Lewes, though approaching physiological science as a littérateur and not as an officially trained exponent, has compelled members of the guil (Zunft) to allow him a hearing.

Review of G. H. Lewes, The Physical Basis of Mind, Examiner, 1877

Our epigraphs serve two purposes. First, they disrupt the classification, by contemporaries and historians, of Tyndall as an expert and Lewes as a popularizer. John Tyndall (1820–93), although an expert experimental physicist and member of the scientific elite, was by the end of his life better known as a popularizer, or‘expositor’, of science. George Henry Lewes (1817–78), by occupation a journalist, critic and popular writer, tried to establish his credentials as a scientific researcher. Here, Lewes is praised for his expertise and Tyndall praised, backhandedly, for ‘distinction in the popular field’.

Second, the epigraphs hint at the contested nature of scientific authority in Victorian Britain. Tait's criticism of Tyndall was made during a series of bitter exchanges. His hostility was driven by personal antagonism, philosophical objections to Tyndall's metaphysical naturalism and nationalist indignation at Tyndall's denigration of Tait's fellow Scottish natural philosophers.

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The Age of Scientific Naturalism
Tyndall and his Contemporaries
, pp. 51 - 70
Publisher: Pickering & Chatto
First published in: 2014

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