The chapter elucidates the book’s gender variable. It provides details for each country to show not only how women were affected by the Arab Spring protests, but more significantly, how gender relations and women’s mobilizations shaped the nature of the protests and the aftermath. It begins with a synopsis of feminist studies on women’s movement organizing and the impact on public policies, gender equality and violence, and the relationship between women’s autonomous movements, civil society formation, and democratization. It then applies these insights to the seven country cases, revealing that only in Tunisia, and to a lesser extent Morocco, had there been societal change in the direction of women’s autonomous organizing, influence, and political empowerment.