Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributing Authors
- List of Boxes
- Notational Standards
- 1 Introduction
- A Setting the Stage
- B Host Population Structure
- C Within-Host Interactions
- D Pathogen–Host Coevolution
- Introduction to Part D
- 13 Coevolution of Virus and Host Cell-death Signals
- 14 Biogeographical Perspectives on Arms Races
- 15 Major Histocompatibility Complex: Polymorphism from Coevolution
- 16 Virulence Management and Disease Resistance in Diploid Hosts
- 17 Coevolution in Gene-for-gene Systems
- 18 Implications of Sexual Selection for Virulence Management
- 19 Molecular Phylogenies and Virulence Evolution
- E Multilevel Selection
- F Vaccines and Drugs
- G Perspectives for Virulence Management
- References
- Index
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
16 - Virulence Management and Disease Resistance in Diploid Hosts
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 January 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributing Authors
- List of Boxes
- Notational Standards
- 1 Introduction
- A Setting the Stage
- B Host Population Structure
- C Within-Host Interactions
- D Pathogen–Host Coevolution
- Introduction to Part D
- 13 Coevolution of Virus and Host Cell-death Signals
- 14 Biogeographical Perspectives on Arms Races
- 15 Major Histocompatibility Complex: Polymorphism from Coevolution
- 16 Virulence Management and Disease Resistance in Diploid Hosts
- 17 Coevolution in Gene-for-gene Systems
- 18 Implications of Sexual Selection for Virulence Management
- 19 Molecular Phylogenies and Virulence Evolution
- E Multilevel Selection
- F Vaccines and Drugs
- G Perspectives for Virulence Management
- References
- Index
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Summary
Introduction
Genetic variation in the host's response to infections is likely to be present in any host–parasite system. Thus, in most cases, virulence management and the associated changes in disease characteristics affect the genetic composition of the hosts over a time scale comparable to the host's life span. If virulence management is concerned with such time scales and, in particular, if the disease in question has a significant impact on host survival or fertility, host evolution cannot be ignored. In this chapter a modeling framework is developed to allow virulence managers to assess disease-induced host–evolution in a sexually reproducing diploid host, that is, to express fitness in terms of variation in epidemic quantities such as morbidity and infectivity. Thus, we take the consequences of virulence management one step further, and examine the effect of virulence management on the host population. Thereafter, we look further ahead at the consequences of changes in host genetics on pathogen strains.
As a first approximation, variation in disease-induced mortality among hosts causes variation in host survival and hence in fitness. In turn, differential fitness changes the composition of host susceptibilities and thus the prevalence of the disease. This interaction between host composition and disease prevalence is the focus of this chapter; we assume that the immediate consequences of virulence management on prevalence are known and expressed as changes in epidemic parameters.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious DiseasesIn Pursuit of Virulence Management, pp. 222 - 232Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2002