Stroke rehabilitation begins during the acute hospitalization once the patient is medically and neurologically stable. Rehabilitation, with involvement of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team early during the care of the stroke patient, is one of the critical components of stroke unit care that results in improved outcome and shortened length of stay. While practices vary between countries and among hospitals, at our centers and in most US stroke centers the major focus of rehabilitative efforts occurs after discharge from the acute stroke unit, and is beyond the scope of this book (e.g. the EXCITE trial of constraint-induced movement therapy).