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Chapter 16 - Sustaining neurobehavioral performance on less sleep: is SWS enhancement the key?

from Section 3 - Alternatives for Sustaining Cognitive Performance During Sleep Loss

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

By
Janine M. Hall-Porter  and
James K. Walsh
Edited by
Nancy J. Wesensten
Nancy J. Wesensten
Affiliation:
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Summary

This chapter discusses studies in which slow wave sleep (SWS) was enhanced and subsequent effects on neurobehavioral performance were investigated. Synchronized low-frequency oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG), which are characteristic of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, are thought to result from corticothalamic activity. Such waveforms are commonly referred to as SWS or slow wave activity (SWA). Tononi and Cirelli propose that SWS/SWA reflects synaptic changes necessary to conserve energy, save space for future synaptic growth, and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) via positron emission tomography imaging (PET) in humans demonstrates that hippocampal areas activated during learning are re-activated during subsequent SWS. The experimental approach to investigate the effect of SWS on neurobehavioral performance is pharmacological enhancement of SWS. Application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during NREM sleep in healthy participants reliably triggered slow wave oscillations.

Keywords

abuse liabilitychronic sleep deprivationdrug development processmesolimbic dopamine systemstimulant medications
Type
Chapter
Information
Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition , pp. 223 - 236
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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