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12 - Evaluation of tumor treatment response with diffusion-weighted MRI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2010

By
Andriy M. Babsky ,
Shenghong Ju  and
Navin Bansal
Edited by
Bachir Taouli
Bachir Taouli
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
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Summary

Abbreviations

Introduction

Prediction and detection of therapeutic response, as well as characterization of residual disease, are very important for effective cancer therapy. Current assessment of tumor treatment response relies on evaluating changes in the maximal cross-sectional area or the diameter of the tumor, weeks to months after the conclusion of a therapeutic protocol. Several non-invasive imaging methods, such as computed tomography (CT), positron-emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), contrast-enhanced MRI and perfusion, and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) are being evaluated for assessing early therapeutic responses that are independent of late changes in tumor volume.

DWI is a well-known diagnostic tool to evaluate central nervous system pathologies. The primary metric used in DWI is the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The first reported evaluation of mean tumor ADC following chemotherapy of an animal model was performed by Ross et al. in 1994, who studied the effect of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) treatment on orthotopic 9L glioma in a rat model. For many years, the use of DWI was limited to the brain.

Type
Chapter
Information
Extra-Cranial Applications of Diffusion-Weighted MRI , pp. 172 - 197
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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