Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T13:19:21.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 3 - Motivation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2024

Fredricka Reisman ,
Larry Keiser ,
Jeff Westphal  and
Penny Hammrich
Fredricka Reisman
Affiliation:
Drexel University
Larry Keiser
Affiliation:
Drexel University
Jeff Westphal
Affiliation:
MeaningSphere Inc.
Penny Hammrich
Affiliation:
Drexel University
Get access

Summary

This chapter addresses motivation by sharing the ideas of leading motivation researchers. These include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s two-factor motivation–hygiene theory, Alderfer’s ERG, and a more recent theory of needs proposed by Richard Ryan and Edward Deci: the self-determination theory of motivation. Other theories presented include Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory, McClelland’s achievement theory, Merton’s term self-fulfilling prophecy, and Locke and Latham’s and Porter and Lawler’s goal-setting theory. Also included are elements of motivation, processes of motivation, types of motivation, and the neuroscience of motivation. Appendix 3A is a glossary.

Keywords

motivation researchersself-determination theoryexpectancy theoryachievement theorygoal-setting theoryself-fulfilling prophecytypes of motivationneuroscience of motivation
Type
Chapter
Information
Connecting Creativity and Motivation Research with End Users
Lab to Learner
 , pp. 60 - 79
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alderfer, C. P. (1969). An empirical test of a new theory of human needs. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4(2), 142–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amabile, T. & Kramer, S. (2011). The Progress Principle – Using Small Wins to Ignite Joy, Engagement and Creativity at Work, Boston: Harvard Business Review Press.Google Scholar
Argyris, C. (1997). Learning and teaching: A theory of action perspective. Journal of Management Education, 21(1), 9–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/105256299702100102.Google Scholar
Chand, S. (2014). William Ouchi’s theory Z of motivation: Features and limitations. Your Article Library. www.yourarticlelibrary.com/motivation/william-ouchis-theory-z-of-motivation-features-and-limitations/28024.Google Scholar
Deci, E. L., Spiegel, N. H., Ryan, R. M., Koestner, R. & Kauffman, M. (1982). Effects of performance standards on teaching styles: Behavior of controlling teachers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(6), 852–859. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.74.6.852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deci, E., Vallerand, R., Pelletier, L. & Ryan, R. (1991). Motivation and education: The self-determination perspective. Educational Psychologist, 26(3–4), 325–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne, 49(3), 182–185. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Self-determination theory. In Van Lange, P. A. M., Kruglanski, A. W. & Higgins, E. T. (eds.), Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology (pp. 416–436). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249215.n21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feist, J. & Feist, G. (2009). Theories of Personality. Boston: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gleitman, H. & Gross, J. (2010). Psychology: Eighth International Student Edition. New York: WW Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Gopalan, V., Aida Abu Bakar, J. & Zulkifli, A. (2017). A review of the motivation theories in learning. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1891, 020043. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5005376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herzberg, F. (1987). One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review, 65, 5.Google Scholar
Locke, E. A. & Latham, G. P. (1990). A Theory of Goal Setting & Task Performance. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.Google Scholar
Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper & Row Publishers.Google Scholar
Maslow, A. H. (1969). Theory Z. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1(2), 31–47.Google Scholar
Mayo, G. (2007). The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilization. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
McClelland, D. C. (1978). Managing motivation to expand human freedom. American Psychologist, 33(3), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.33.3.201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGregor, D. (1970). Beyond theory Y. Harvard Business Review. www.langston.edu/sites/default/files/basic-content-files/TransformationalLeadership.pdf.Google Scholar
Merton, R. (1948). The self fulfilling prophecy. Antioch Review, 8(2), 193–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modell, A. (1993). The Private Self. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Murray, H. (1973). The Analysis of Fantasy. Huntington, NY: Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Ntoumanis, N., Ng, J., Prestwich, A., et al. (2020). A meta-analysis of self-determination theory-informed intervention studies in the health domain: Effects on motivation, health behavior, physical, and psychological health. Health Psychology Review, 15(2), 214–244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ouchi, W. G. (1981). Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge. Boston: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Paper Tyari (2019). Motivation: Process, elements, types of motivation. www.papertyari.com/general-awareness/management/motivation.Google Scholar
Porter, L. & Lawler, E. (1968). Managerial Attitudes and Performance. Homewood, IL: R. D. Irwin.Google Scholar
Reason and Meaning (2017). Summary of Maslow on self-transcendence. https://reasonandmeaning.com/2017/01/18/summary-of-maslow-on-self-transcendence/.Google Scholar
Reber, A. (1995). Dictionary of Psychology. London: Penguin Group.Google Scholar
Redish, A. D., Jensen, S., Johnson, A. & Kurth-Nelson, Z. (2007). Reconciling reinforcement learning models with behavioral extinction and renewal: implications for addiction, relapse, and problem gambling. Psychological Review, 114, 784–805.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reisman, F. (2020). 70 years of research into creativity: JP Guilford’s role and today’s focus. KIE Conference, virtual.Google Scholar
Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simpson, E. H. & Balsam, P. D. (2016). The behavioral neuroscience of motivation: An overview of concepts, measures, and translational applications. Current Topics in Behavioral Neuroscience, 27, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2015_402.Google ScholarPubMed
Taormina, R. J. & Gao, J. H. (2013). Maslow and the motivation hierarchy: Measuring satisfaction of the needs. The American Journal of Psychology, 126(2), 155–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Talbot, D. M. (2017). Effect of external motivators on intrinsic motivation. Master’s dissertation, Lakehead University.Google Scholar
Tarver, E. (2020). 11 types of motivation: What they are & how to use them. https://evantarver.com/types-of-motivation/.Google Scholar
Urwick, L. (1944). The Elements of Administration. New York: Harper & Brothers.Google Scholar
Vallerand, R. J. & Reid, G. (1990). Motivation and special populations: Theory, research, and implications regarding motor behaviour. Advances in Psychology, 74, 159–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Sheldon, K. M. & Deci, E. L. (2004). Motivating learning, performance, and persistence: The synergistic effects of intrinsic goal contents and autonomy-supportive contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(2), 246–260. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.87.2.246.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vroom, V. H. (1968). Towards a stochastic model of managerial careers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 13(1), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, M. & Kohler, P. D. (1996). Teaching self-determination: Content and process. In Powers, L. E., Singer, G. H. S. & Sowers, J. (eds.), Promoting Self-Competence in Children and Youth with Disabilities: On the Road to Autonomy (pp. 275–322). Baltimore: Brookes.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×