Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:57:54.623Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

19 - Translating Legal Texts

from Part IV - Translation in Practice: Factual Genres

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2022

Kirsten Malmkjær
Affiliation:
University of Leicester
Get access

Summary

Chapter 19 maps the field of legal translation practice, research and training, beginning with an overview of the history of legal translation and its reorientation from literalness towards functional, receiver-oriented approaches which ensure equivalent effects and perceive legal translation as an act of legal communication. The chapter identifies the key characteristics of legal translation, both intersystemic and institutional, and discusses attempts to standardize legal translation by way of an ISO standard. It reviews key research trends and methods in legal translation studies, and outlines the competencies that legal translators need to acquire, suggesting how these can be developed.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alcaraz Varó, E., and Hughes, B. (2002). Legal Translation Explained. Manchester: St Jerome.Google Scholar
Baaij, C. J. W. (2018). Legal Integration and Language Diversity: Rethinking Translation in EU Lawmaking. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bazerman, C. (1994). Systems of genres and the enactment of social intentions. In Freedman, A. and Medway, P., eds., Genre and the New Rhetoric. London: Taylor and Francis, pp. 79101.Google Scholar
Bestué, C. (2019). A matter of justice: Integrating comparative law methods into the decision‑making process in legal translation. In Biel, Ł, Engberg, J., Martín Ruano, R. M. and Sosoni, V., eds., Research Methods in Legal Translation and Interpreting: Crossing Methodological Boundaries. London: Routledge, pp. 13047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bestué, C., and Orozco, M. (2016). Online training in legal translation: Designing curricula for bilingual students. Babel, 62(3), 470–94.Google Scholar
Bhatia, V. K. (2006). Legal genres. In Brown, K., ed., Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 17.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2008). Legal terminology in terminology in translation practice: Dictionaries, Googling or discussion forums? SKASE Journal of Translation and Interpretation, 3, 2238.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2009). Organization of background knowledge structures in legal language and related translation problems. Comparative Legilinguistics: International Journal for Legal Communication, 1, 176–89.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2011). Professional realism in the legal translation classroom: Translation competence and translator competence. Meta, 56(1), 162–78.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2014). Lost in the Eurofog: The Textual Fit of Translated Law. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2017a). Enhancing the communicative dimension of legal translation: Comparable corpora in the research-informed classroom. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 11(4), 316–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2017b). Researching legal translation: A multi-perspective and mixed-method framework for legal translation. Revista de Llengua i Dret [Journal of Language and Law], 68, 7688.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2018). Corpora in institutional legal translation: Small steps and the big picture. In Prieto Ramos, F., ed., Institutional Translation for International Governance: Enhancing Quality in Multilingual Legal Communication. London: Bloomsbury, pp. 2536.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł. (2019). Theoretical and methodological challenges in researching EU legal translation. In Simonnæs, I. and Kristiansen, M., eds., Legal Translation: Current Issues and Challenges in Research, Methods and Applications. Berlin: Frank and Timme, pp. 2540.Google Scholar
Biel, Ł., and Engberg, J. (2013). Research models and methods in legal translation. Linguistica Antverpiensia, New Series – Themes in Translation Studies, 12, 111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biel, Ł., Engberg, J., Martín Ruano, R. M., and Sosoni, V., eds. (2019). Research Methods in Legal Translation and Interpreting. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Biernacka, A. (2018). Interpreter-Mediated Interactions of the Courtroom. Berlin: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Bocquet, C. (2008). La traduction juridique: Fondement et méthode. Brussels: De Boeck.Google Scholar
Borja Albi, A. (2000). El texto jurídico inglés y su traducción al español. Barcelona: Ariel.Google Scholar
Borja Albi, A., and Prieto Ramos, F., eds. (2013). Legal Translation in Context: Professional Issues and Prospects. Oxford: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Buendía-Castro, M., and Faber, P. (2018). Online resources for phraseology-related problems in legal translation. In Goźdź-Roszkowski, S. and Pontrandolfo, G., eds., Phraseology in Legal and Institutional Settings. London: Routledge, pp. 6186.Google Scholar
Bundgaard, K., and Christensen, T. P. (2019). Is the concordance feature the new black? A workplace study of translators’ interaction with translation resources while post-editing TM and MT matches. Journal of Specialised Translation, 31, 1437.Google Scholar
Cadwell, P., Castilho, S., O’Brien, S., and Mitchell, L. (2016). Human factors in machine translation and post-editing among institutional translators. Translation Spaces, 5(2), 222–43.Google Scholar
Cao, D. (2007). Translating Law. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chan, C. H.-Y. (2012). Bridging the gap between language and law: Translational issues in creating legal Chinese in Hong Kong. Babel, 58(2), 127–44.Google Scholar
Chesterman, A. (2017). The name and nature of translator studies. HERMES – Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 22(42), 1322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, D., and Davy, D. (1969). Investigating English Style. London: Longman.Google Scholar
De Groot, G.-R. (1987). The point of view of a comparative lawyer. Les Cahiers de droit, 28(4), 793812.Google Scholar
De Groot, G.-R. (1998). Language and Law: Netherlands Report to the Fifteenth International Congress of Comparative Law. Antwerp: Intersentia.Google Scholar
De Groot, G.-R., and van Laer, C. J. P. (2006). The dubious quality of legal dictionaries. International Journal of Legal Information, 34, 6586.Google Scholar
Derlén, M. (2009). Multilingual Interpretation of European Community Law. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International.Google Scholar
Derlén, M. (2015). A single text or a single meaning: Multilingual interpretation of EU legislation and CJEU case law in national courts. In Šarčević, S., ed., Language and Culture in EU Law: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 5372.Google Scholar
Galán-Mañas, A. (2013). Contrastive rhetoric in teaching how to translate legal texts. Perspectives, 21(3), 311–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garzone, G. (2000). Legal translation and functionalist approaches: A contradiction in terms? Actes du Colloque International ‘La traduction juridique. Histoire, théorie(s) et pratique, 17–19.2.2000. Geneva: University of Geneva, pp. 395414.Google Scholar
Gémar, J.-C. (2005). De la traduction (juridique) à la jurilinguistique: Fonctions proactives du traductologue. Meta, 50(4), 522.Google Scholar
Gémar, J.-C. (2015). De la traduction juridique à la jurilinguistique: La quête de l’équivalence. Meta, 60(3), 476–93.Google Scholar
Gibbons, J. (1999). Language and the law. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 19, 156–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glanert, S., ed. (2014). Comparative Law: Engaging Translation. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Graziadei, M. (2006). Comparative law as the study of transplants and receptions. In Reimann, M. and Zimmermann, R., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 44176.Google Scholar
Griebel, C. (2021). Legal meta-comments in the think-aloud protocols of legal translators and lawyers: A qualitative analysis. Target, 33(2), 183206.Google Scholar
Hale, S. B. (2004). The Discourse of Court Interpreting: Discourse Practices of the Law, the Witness and the Interpreter. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, P. (2006). An Introduction to Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, M. (2002). What’s so special about legal translation? Meta, 47(2), 177–85.Google Scholar
ISO 2015. ISO 17100:2015 Translation services – Requirements for translation services. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.Google Scholar
ISO 2019. ISO 20228:2019 Interpreting services – Legal interpreting – Requirements. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.Google Scholar
ISO 2020. ISO 20771:2020 Legal translation – Requirements. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.Google Scholar
Kjær, A. L. (2007). Legal translation in the European Union: A research field in need of a new approach. In Kredens, K. and Goźdź-Roszkowski, S., eds., Language and the Law: International Outlooks. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, pp. 6995.Google Scholar
Koskinen, K. (2000). Institutional illusions: Translating in the EU Commission. The Translator, 6(1), 4965.Google Scholar
Koskinen, K. (2008). Translating Institutions: An Ethnographic Study of EU Translation. Manchester: St Jerome.Google Scholar
Mac Aodha, M., ed. (2014). Legal Lexicography: A Comparative Perspective. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Martínez Carrasco, R. (2017). Epistemological Approaches to Legal Translation Education: A Situated Account. PhD dissertation, Universitat Jaume I.Google Scholar
Mattila, H. E. S. (2013). Comparative Legal Linguistics: Language of Law, Latin and Modern Lingua Francas. Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Mayoral Asensio, R. (2003). Translating Official Documents. Manchester: St Jerome.Google Scholar
Mellinkoff, D. (1963). The Language of the Law. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.Google Scholar
Meredith, R. C. (1979). Some notes on English legal translation. Meta, 24(1), 5467.Google Scholar
Monzó Nebot, E. (2008). Corpus-based activities in legal translator training. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 2(2), 221–52.Google Scholar
Mori, L., ed. (2018). Observing Eurolects: Corpus Analysis of Linguistic Variation in EU Law. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
O’Brien, S. (2012). Translation as human–computer interaction. Translation Spaces, 1(1), 101–22.Google Scholar
Öner, S., and Banu Karadağ, A. (2016). Lawmaking through translation: ‘Translating’ crimes and punishments. Perspectives, 24(2), 319–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orozco, M., and Sánchez-Gijón, P. (2011). New resources for legal translators. Perspectives, 19, 2544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paunio, E. (2013). Legal Certainty in Multilingual EU Law: Language, Discourse and Reasoning at the European Court of Justice. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Prieto Ramos, F. (2011). Developing legal translation competence: An integrative process-oriented approach. Comparative Legilinguistics: International Journal for Legal Communication, 5, 721.Google Scholar
Prieto Ramos, F. (2014). Legal translation studies as interdiscipline: Scope and evolution. Meta, 59(2), 260–77.Google Scholar
Prieto Ramos, F. (2019). Implications of text categorisation for corpus-based legal translation research: The case of international institutional settings. In Biel, Ł, Engberg, J., Martín Ruano, R. M. and Sosoni, V., eds., Research Methods in Legal Translation and Interpreting: Crossing Methodological Boundaries. London: Routledge, pp. 2937.Google Scholar
Saldanha, G., and O’Brien, S. (2013). Research Methodologies in Translation Studies. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Šarčević, S. (1997). New Approach to Legal Translation. The Hague: Kluwer Law International.Google Scholar
Šarčević, S. (2000). Legal translation and translation theory: A receiver-oriented approach. La traduction juridique: Histoire, théorie(s) et pratique [Legal Translation: History, Theory/ies, Practice]. Proceedings, Geneva, 17–19 February 2000. Bern/Geneva: ASTTI/ETI.Google Scholar
Scarpa, F., and Orlando, D. (2017). What it takes to do it right: An integrative EMT-based model for legal translation competence. Journal of Specialised Translation, 27, 2142.Google Scholar
Schroth, P. W. (1986). Legal translation. American Journal of Comparative Law, 34, 4765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, J. R. (2019). Legal Translation Outsourced. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Taibi, M., and Ozolins, U. (2016). Community Translation. London: Bloomsbury Academic.Google Scholar
Tetley, W. (2000). Mixed jurisdictions: Common law v. civil law (codified and uncodified). Louisiana Law Review, 60, 677738.Google Scholar
Tiersma, P. M. (1999). Legal Language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Toudic, D., and Krause, A., eds. (2017). European Master’s in Translation Competence Framework 2017. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/emt_competence_fwk_2017_en_web.pdf.Google Scholar
Valero-Garcés, C., and Martin, A., eds. (2008). Crossing Borders in Community Interpreting: Definitions and Dilemmas. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Vlachopoulos, S. (2008). Translating into a new LSP: The translation of laws in the Republic of Cyprus. Target, 20(1), 103–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Way, C. (2016). The challenges and opportunities of legal translation and translator training in the 21st century. International Journal of Communication, 10, 1009–29.Google Scholar
Weston, M. (1991). An English Reader’s Guide to the French Legal System. New York: Berg.Google Scholar
Wolff, L. (2011). Legal translation. In Malmkjær, K. and Windle, K., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Translation Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 22842.Google Scholar
Woods, L., Watson, P., and Costa, M. (2017). Steiner and Woods EU Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×