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Debate 13B - Should Enlarged Supradiaphragmatic Lymph Nodes be Routinely Removed during Debulking Surgery Procedures for Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer?

No

from Section III - Ovarian Cancer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2023

Dennis S. Chi
Affiliation:
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York
Nisha Lakhi
Affiliation:
Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island
Nicoletta Colombo
Affiliation:
University of Milan-Bicocca
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Summary

Evidence suggests removal of enlarged supradiaphragmatic nodes (ESDN) at primary debulking does not improve survival. Most patients with ESDN (76%) have multiple nodal sites involved (cardiophrenic, parasternal, mediastinal, axillary, and subclavian) and 45% of them have parenchymal metastases. PET is more sensitive as imaging technique than CT scan. Not all ESDN are metastatic. ESDN are responsive to chemotherapy and isolated ESDN recurrences are rare, 5%. There is no survival difference in Stage IIIC with or without ESDN. Resection of ESDN does not improve survival. Survival with single versus multiple sites of ESDN are similar.

An indication for removal of ESDN might be a rare patient with a single site of ESDN persistent after primary chemotherapy, surgically accessible, and with no residual abdominal disease after completion of an interval debulking, representing a site of unresponsive nodal disease.

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Chapter
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Hynninen, J, et al. FDG PET/CT in staging of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: frequency of supradiaphragmatic lymph node metastasis challenges the traditional pattern of disease spread. Gynecol Oncol 2012;126(1):6468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.04.023CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kolev, V, et al. Prognostic significance of supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy identified on preoperative computed tomography scan in patients undergoing primary cytoreduction for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2010;20(6):979984. https://doi.org/10.1111/IGC.0b013e3181e833f5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laasik, M, et al. Behavior of FDG-avid supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes in PET/CT throughout primary therapy in advanced serous epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Imaging 2019;19(1):27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40644-019–0215–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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Cowan, RA, et al. Feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes of cardiophrenic lymph node resection in advanced ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017;147(2):262266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.09.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jamieson, A, et al. Subtypes of stage IV ovarian cancer; response to treatment and patterns of disease recurrence. Gynecol Oncol 2017;146(2):273278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.05.023CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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