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2 results

  • 9 - Instruments for Biodiversity Conservation

  • from Part III - Economic Modelling
  • Martin Drechsler
  • Book:
    Ecological-Economic Modelling for Biodiversity Conservation
    Published online:
    29 February 2020
    Print publication:
    26 March 2020, pp 111-127

  • Summary

    This is the first of five chapters about economic modelling. The first section recaps basic environmental economics which typically starts with the identification of biodiversity loss and biodiversity conservation as a social dilemma. In the context of policy, such a dilemma leads to market failure, implying an underprovision of biodiversity. Standard policy instruments that can help fix market failure are introduced subsequently, including regulation (land-use planning), conservation payments (also known as agri-environmental schemes or payments for environmental services) and tradable permits or conservation offsets (analogous, e.g., to emission trading schemes). Conservation payments and conservation offsets belong to the class of market-based instruments, providing financial incentives for the conservation of biodiversity. Pros and cons of the different instruments are discussed.

  • Will Southern Agriculture Play a Role in a Carbon Market?

  • Kimberly A. Zeuli, Jerry R. Skees
  • Journal:
    Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics / Volume 32 / Issue 2 / August 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    28 April 2015, pp. 235-248

  • While a carbon market offers substantial opportunities for US agriculture, regional differences in such a market are often ignored. This paper focuses on the advantages and challenges for agriculture in the South. The potential of two promising options are analyzed: conversion from cropland to forests and greater use of conservation tillage. It is argued that the right institutional arrangements can overcome three fundamental challenges to an efficient carbon market: transaction costs, risk, and perverse incentives. Some examples are given, such as the use of a farmer-owned organization and the provision of land use and carbon information by the government.