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  • 11 - Dealing with Institutions and Policy Makers

  • from Part II - Practical Issues
  • Edited by Justyna Olko, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Poland, Julia Sallabank, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
  • Book:
    Revitalizing Endangered Languages
    Published online:
    22 April 2021
    Print publication:
    29 April 2021, pp 165-177
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  • Summary

    Nation-states are key players in the design and implementation of language policy. Language communities can rarely fully decide the future of their language, but they often have their own strategies to revive and strengthen their language. This chapter defines top-down and bottom up language policies, exemplifying how they may be implemented in different types of language planning (corpus, status, prestige and acquisition planning). It identifies issues that may arise in dealing with policy makers. Language rights are supported by various international legal instruments (such as the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages and the UN Universal Declaration on Human Rights) and activists may refer to these for support, although appeals to such charters have rarely been successful in law. The capsule presents the Mexican Indigenous Language Promotion and Advocacy project (MILPA), a model of community-based language maintenance and advocacy work creating programs that foster language maintenance, multi-literacy, social justice, and Indígena pride.