Elder mistreatment is common and often overlooked by health-care providers. It may include physical abuse, psychological and emotional abuse, sexual abuse, financial exploitation, and neglect. While any older adult may be susceptible, particular mitigating factors discussed in this chapter include cognitive impairment and dementia, multimorbidity, substance use, socioeconomics and culture, and social isolation. Strategies for approaching clinical cases, identifying signs and symptoms, and developing interventions are explored using illustrative cases and selected findings from the growing literature on elder mistreatment across care settings.

Micronations are incredibly diverse. Some micronations are speculative experiments in statehood, perhaps utopian examples of how nations could or should be organised. Others are established for personal entertainment, fantasy or artistic expression. Where a town or small community supports the idea, micronationalism can even promote tourism and deliver an economic boost to a region. Others still are formed to challenge and critique statehood and sovereign authority or as a way to make quick money by fair or foul means. Some of the more enduring micronations emerge as personal grievances take on a political dimension as anger, frustration and desperation push individuals into taking extreme action. In this chapter, we undertake a survey of some of the most prominent micronations by focusing on the myriad of (often overlapping) motivations for their creation. This study complements our definition and conceptual framework, explored in the previous chapter, by expanding our knowledge of the justifications provided for micronations and the assorted rationales that underlie their assertions of statehood.

Chapter 9 reveals that there are now new iterations of predatory lending in the form of “nonprime loans,” as well as continued abusive practices in mortgage modifications. These loans are now widely offered in the mortgage market and the market has now extended to nonprime auto loans and nonprime credit cards. While the market boasts in its disclosures that the “illegal activities” on zero-deposit mortgages are no longer prevalent, much of the conduct found during the subprime debacle appears to be continuing today. This chapter connects this new burgeoning nonprime market with some of the structural features of financial markets and the treatment of African Americans, portending the risk of another significant financial crisis for African-American and other borrowers. The other recent development is with respect to mortgage modifications themselves. The U.S. government ended its modification programs in 2016 and handed authority for modification back to the private sector.