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Chapter 3 - Water in Rivers, Lakes and Wetlands
from Part I - The Physical Cradle: Land Forms, Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Soils
Norman Owen-Smith, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Book:

Only in Africa

Published online:

09 September 2021

Print publication:

07 October 2021, pp 29-38
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Summary

This chapter describes Africa’s rivers and lakes and outlines how rivers have changed their courses and lakes formed and dried in response to tectonic movements. Water flow in Africa’s rivers fluctuates widely as a consequence of low and seasonal rainfall. Africa has both deep and shallow lakes in rift valleys as well as extensive wetlands, with widely varying water levels. Temporary pools formed in pan depressions are important sources of drinking water for wildlife. All of the rivers flowing through High Africa can be readily crossed in their upper reaches during low flow in the dry season.