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  • 8 - Improving Population Health

  • from Part 1 - The Public Health Toolkit
  • Edited by Kirsteen Watson, University of Cambridge, Jan Yates, NHS England and NHS Improvement, Stephen Gillam, University of Cambridge
  • Book:
    Essential Public Health
    Published online:
    01 December 2023
    Print publication:
    14 December 2023, pp 145-162

  • Summary

    The causes of ill health and death are changing and, as we live longer, new health-preventable problems emerge, bringing new challenges. Improving health (physical, mental or both) and promoting general well-being remain major priorities.

    Just as important, the difference in health status between rich and poor continues to grow. At a global level, the picture is even more complex. Although there is some evidence that life expectancy is beginning to plateau in developed countries such as the UK, the biggest potential to improve health still lies in addressing inequality between or within countries.

    Therefore, this chapter:

    • summarizes the models of health improvement that are prevalent today;

    • introduces a combined conceptual model to describe the factors affecting health in modern times; and

    • presents some case studies of interventions designed to improve health which offer important insight and learning.