This chapter focuses on methods to assess postural and locomotor performance in laboratory animals. It identifies the specific neuromotor deficits resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI) and those interventions that may be used to improve the level of recovery. An assessment of fine motor control of the forelimbs would be more appropriate to test following a corticospinal tract (CST) lesion. The basic locomotor pattern in mammals can be elicited from the brainstem and largely from the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR). Rating scales have been used clinically for many years to assess motor performance in humans. One established electrophysiological test for sensory function is the stimulation of the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa and recording somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) in the sensorimotor cortex via needle electrodes in the scalp. A wide variety of monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes have been used to test some aspects of neuromotor connectivity after SCI.