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  • 3 - History of Anthropology

  • Edited by Roger E. Backhouse, University of Birmingham, Philippe Fontaine, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
  • Book:
    A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences
    Published online:
    05 September 2014
    Print publication:
    22 September 2014, pp 62-98

  • Summary

    This chapter concerns primarily with the literature on the history of sociocultural anthropology, which is by far the largest of anthropology's subfields. It emphasizes the anglophone anthropology, which dominated the entire discipline until relatively recently. The chapter indicates how the literature reflects and has often been intended to shape a particular disciplinary structure. Historians of science have their own subculture of inquiry. In the recent past, the most notable change affecting anthropologists' historical understanding was, of course, the era of decolonization, which stimulated a variety of intellectual responses. It examines what George Stocking termed "presentist" and "historicist" approaches, the diverse styles and viewpoints of scholars who have contributed to the literature, as well as the tendency to represent anthropologists as heroes and to rely on oral communications as much as on diverse sorts of written records.