The World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) provides a foundation for discussing the tenets of traditional rehabilitation and its social but is limited as a descriptive tool for the broader view of neurorehabilitation, which incorporates plasticity and repair of the nervous system. The makeup of the rehabilitation team and the requirements for qualification vary from one country to another, although in most cases, the basic principles are similar. The best guideline to apply to a patient requiring neurorehabilitation is to provide the environment with the most intense therapy that the patient can tolerate. The model of stroke rehabilitation best illustrates this concept. When compared with conventional or less intensive care, stroke rehabilitation in an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) with coordinated, transdisciplinary care significantly reduced the statistical risk of death or institutionalization, or death or dependency, independent of age, sex, or stroke severity.