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1 results

  • 3 - Long-Wavelength Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers

  • from Part I - Bandstructure Engineering, Modeling and State-of-the-Art QCLs
  • Edited by Dan Botez, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Mikhail A. Belkin, Technische Universität München
  • Book:
    Mid-Infrared and Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers
    Published online:
    25 August 2023
    Print publication:
    14 September 2023, pp 102-137

  • Summary

    The chapter reviews long wavelength mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting between 15 and 28 μm. Historically, 15 μm was a border wavelength above which the QCL performances dramatically degraded, which was partly due to an increase in optical losses in the devices with approaching the Reststrahlen band. This intrinsic limitation caused by multi-phonon absorption sets forbidden or favorable spectral areas depending on the employed materials. The chapter considers specific properties of long wavelength mid-infrared QCLs based on different materials, as well as more general issues related to the QCL design in this long-wavelength frontier of the mid-infrared. The discussed results are presented in the chronological order for each QCL material system, which allows the reader to follow the advances in the field.