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The Apostle Paul defined the moral values of love, joy, peace, patience, and kindness as 'the fruit of God's Spirit.' Paul Moser here argues that such values are character traits of an intentional God. When directly experienced, they can serve as evidence for the reality and goodness of such a God. Moser shows how moral conscience plays a key role in presenting intentional divine action in human moral experience. He explores this insight in chapters focusing on various facets of moral experience – regarding human persons, God, and theological inquiry, among other topics. His volume enables a responsible assessment of divine reality and goodness, without reliance on controversial arguments of natural theology. Clarifying how attention to moral experience can contribute to a limited theodicy for God and evil, Moser's study also acknowledges that the reality of severe evil does not settle the issue of God's existence and goodness.
This chapter argues for the relevance of emotion and affect to the anthropology of ethics. It begins with a discussion of philosophers who take emotion seriously as an area of human life that exposes the limits of ethical inquiry, so as to establish emotion as a relation in which something is at stake in a first-person way. With this understanding, the chapter goes on to highlight how classic studies in the anthropology of emotion depicted local moral worlds, relating emotion to the pragmatics of social life and its many problems. A certain strand of affect theory is then brought to bear to make the key formulation more robust by accommodating a broader multiplicity of relations of interest and passion. This discussion highlights the way ethnography – as a genre of writing – can capture a pile-up of affects in unique historical circumstances, revealing how moral agency and states of depression may be found together. Vitalist in spirit, the chapter aims to show how a focus on emotion and affect illuminates a moral agent defined by her vulnerability and responsiveness to matters at stake in the web of relations that constitutes her world.
Expatriate healthcare professionals frequently participate in international relief operations that are initiated in response to disasters due to natural hazards or humanitarian emergencies in low resource settings. This practice environment is significantly different from the healthcare delivery environment in the home countries of expatriate healthcare professionals. Human rights, public health, medicine, and ethics intersect in distinct ways as healthcare professionals provide care and services in communities affected by crisis.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the moral experience of Canadian healthcare professionals during humanitarian relief work.
Methods:
This is a qualitative study with 18 semi-structured individual interviews based on Interpretive Description methodology. There are two groups of participants: (1) 15 healthcare professionals (nine doctors, five nurses, and one midwife) with more than three months experience in humanitarian work; and (2) three individuals who have experience as human resource or field coordination officers for humanitarian, non-governmental organizations. Participants were recruited by contacting non-governmental organizations, advertisement at the global health interest group of a national medical society, word of mouth, and a snowball sampling approach in which participants identified healthcare professionals with experience practicing in humanitarian settings who might be interested in the research.
Results:
Five central themes were identified during the analysis: (1) examination of motivations and expectations; (2) the relational nature of humanitarian work; (3) attending to steep power imbalances; (4) acknowledging and confronting the limits of what is possible in a particular setting; and (5) recognition of how organizational forms and structures shape everyday moral experience.
Discussion:
Humanitarian relief work is a morally complex activity. Healthcare professionals who participate in humanitarian relief activities, or who are contemplating embarking on a humanitarian project, will benefit from carefully considering the moral dimensions of this work. Humanitarian organizations should address the moral experiences of healthcare professionals in staff recruitment, as they implement training prior to departure, and in supporting healthcare professionals in the field.
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