This chapter provides a brief description of the benefits and procedures of mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice settings. It begins with a discussion of the reasons for and benefits of identification of mental health problems in juvenile justice settings, and the developmental complications involved in this undertaking. The chapter defines and differentiates mental health screening versus assessment by describing the characteristics of both. Finally, it provides a brief review of the current mental health screening tools, which are in the public domain and have been validated for use in juvenile justice settings. The screening tools are defined along three categories: multidimensional brief screening tools, problem or needs-oriented interview schedules, and multidimensional scales identifying clinical disorder. The selection of tools must be commensurate with the purposes, demands, and constraints of the situations in which they will be used.