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4 results

  • 3 - Gospel Sources and Interrelations

  • from Part I - Approaching the Gospels
  • Edited by Stephen C. Barton, University of Durham, Todd Brewer
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Companion to the Gospels
    Published online:
    10 August 2021
    Print publication:
    19 August 2021, pp 50-69

  • Summary

    Provides an overview of current hypotheses about the sources used in the creation of the gospels and the implications source-critical theories have for gospels interpretation. After a discussion of the relation of the Gospel of John to the synoptics, attention is given to relations between the synoptics, and an account is given of the ongoing scholarly debate surrounding the ‘Q hypothesis’ and its rivals.

  • In Defence of R. H. Lightfoot

  • Christopher M. Tuckett
  • Journal:
    New Testament Studies / Volume 67 / Issue 3 / July 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 June 2021, pp. 454-473
    Print publication:
    July 2021

  • A recent NTS article by B. Massey gives a highly critical appraisal of the work of R. H. Lightfoot, questioning Lightfoot's academic integrity and claiming that he borrowed much of his work from others without proper attribution. A study of Lightfoot's writings suggests however that Lightfoot did clearly acknowledge his debt to others and that he did not try to claim the ideas of others as his own. Further, his standing within English-speaking scholarship, as one who publicised the work of German form critics and who anticipated in a significant way the work of later redaction criticism, can remain intact and his work is still valuable today.

  • 2 - The Primary Narrative (Genesis through 2 Kings)

  • Edited by Calum Carmichael, Cornell University, New York
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Companion to the Bible and Literature
    Published online:
    13 March 2020
    Print publication:
    26 March 2020, pp 26-47

  • Summary

    Genesis-Kings stands amid three key approaches to the Bible: quest for symbolic/allegorical meaning (Philo to Middle Ages); quest for factual history (Luther to ca. 1970s and “the collapse of history”); quest for literary artistry/meaning (esp. since James Muilenburg, 1968). Gen-Kgs emerges as a narrative with historical components, and triple focus: (i) human origins, (ii) Israel and Judah, a narrative matching that of other nations, and (iii) primarily a narrative of the human heart. Following literary convention, explicit emphasis on the heart occurs at the beginning (hearts estranged, Gen 6:5-6; 8:21), middle (listen with total heart, Deuteronomy, esp. 6:4-6), and end (Josiah’s total heart, 2 Kgs 23:25). Biblical accounts present diverse human dimensions, whether, for instance, God-like (Gen 1) or made of clay (Gen 2). Both are necessary. Abraham is more God-like than Jacob; Elijah more than Elisha. The first five books (Gen-Deut) build up towards the need to choose. The other books (Josh-Kgs) show pairs of contrasting choices: Joshua/Judges; Samuel/Saul; David/Solomon; prophets/kings; Hezekiah/Manasseh; Josiah/other kings.

  • 13 - Existential(ist) interpretation of the New Testament

  • from Part II - New Modes of Study of the Bible
  • Edited by John Riches, University of Glasgow
  • Book:
    The New Cambridge History of the Bible
    Published online:
    09 June 2015
    Print publication:
    13 April 2015, pp 233-248

  • Summary

    Scholars reserve the term 'literary criticism' for approaches influenced by contemporary literary criticism as taught under the banner of Comparative Literature or of a single language such as English or Spanish. Source, form and redaction criticism are historical rather than literary approaches. This chapter examines how these criticisms view author, text and audience. It also focuses on narratives, and traces a move from the dominance of German to Anglophone scholarship and beyond. Source criticism presented and presents a challenge to Jews and Christians holding Mosaic authorship to be critical to Torah's divine inspiration and authority as well as to literary unity grounded in that authorship. Classic form criticism views many biblical texts as the products of oral tradition in which small units circulated. Redaction criticism focuses on the editing. In the Hebrew Bible studies this often falls under the rubric of tradition history. In New Testament studies, the literary turn gave birth to narrative criticism.