This chapter covers the systems and services aimed at supporting Māori, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, their families and communities in achieving optimal health and wellbeing outcomes. New Zealand and Australia are separate countries with distinct colonial histories, policies, healthcare systems, practices and ways of life, although their First Peoples may share common experiences. Contemporary health services in each country are also separate and unique, so the content in this chapter is provided in discrete sections. Throughout the chapter, you will be able to identity key concepts related to the delivery of care that is culturally safe for Māori tamariki (children) and rangatahi (young people). This includes a whānau (family) and community approach to health and wellbeing. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander authors use their cultural lens of knowing, being and doing through Aboriginal ways to highlight the key challenges in relation to meeting the needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and their connections . The authors bring to your attention cultural awareness, sensitivity, and safety in paediatric settings.