This rejoinder notes that several key points were discussed in response to the authors' review of brief psychosocial interventions for personality disorders. In particular, the commentary suggested that understanding key mechanisms of change and moderators of treatment outcome were especially important to make forward progress in streamlining treatments for personality disorders. Here the authors highlight several shared candidate mechanisms of change across brief treatments for personality disorders, including a focus on education regarding emotion regulation, interpersonal processes, and instilling hope and expectancies for change. They also discuss the possibility that moderators of treatment outcome should be examined across types of outcomes. Moreover, some outcomes may be more amenable to brief treatments than others. Recommendations for future research in this area are discussed.

The last several decades have witnessed the emergence of several efficacious treatments for personality disorders, yet many of these treatments are lengthy and resource-intensive. There is a pressing public health need to identify briefer treatment options for the treatment of personality disorders. The present contribution is a comprehensive review of brief (i.e., less than one-year) psychosocial interventions for personality disorders. The authors' search criteria yielded 66 articles, which they summarize in this chapter. Of note, only a minority of these studies were randomized controlled trials, and nearly half focused on borderline personality disorders. A few brief treatments appear to be efficacious for personality disorders, namely short-term dynamic psychotherapy for Cluster C personality disorders, as well as manual-assisted cognitive therapy, six-month dialectical behavior therapy, and emotion regulation group therapy for borderline personality disorder and/or self-injury. Recommendations for future research in this area are discussed.